Neurological System Questions

Neurological System Questions Related

Review Neurological System Questions related questions and content

A patient says, I know I have a brain tumor despite the results of the magnetic resonance image (MRI). The radiologist is wrong. People who have brain tumors vomit, and yesterday I vomited all day. Which response by the nurse fosters cognitive restructuring?

  • A. You do not have a brain tumor. The more you talk about it, the more it reinforces your illogical thinking.
  • B. Let's see whether any other explanations for your vomiting are possible.
  • C. You seem so worried. Let's talk about how you're feeling.
  • D. We should talk about something else.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it encourages the patient to consider alternative explanations for their symptoms, which is key in cognitive restructuring. By exploring other possible reasons for the vomiting, the patient is guided to challenge their automatic assumption of having a brain tumor. This approach helps the patient to reevaluate their thoughts and beliefs in a more rational manner.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: This response dismisses the patient's concerns without addressing the underlying irrational belief. It does not promote cognitive restructuring.
C: While acknowledging the patient's emotions is important, this response does not actively challenge the patient's irrational belief or encourage critical thinking.
D: Changing the subject does not address the patient's cognitive distortions and does not facilitate cognitive restructuring.

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Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) is being considered as treatment for a patient with progressive-relapsing MS. The nurse explains that a disadvantage of this drug compared with other drugs used for MS is what?

  • A. It must be given subcutaneously every day.
  • B. It has a lifetime dose limit because of cardiac toxicity.
  • C. It is an anticholinergic agent that causes urinary incontinence.
  • D. It is an immunosuppressant agent that increases the risk for infection.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Mitoxantrone has a lifetime dose limit due to its potential for cardiac toxicity

What are the two major divisions of the nervous system?

  • A. endocrine and exocrine nervous systems
  • B. upper and lower nervous systems
  • C. spinal and extremity nervous systems
  • D. central and peripheral nervous systems
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all the nerves outside the CNS. This division is fundamental to understanding how the body processes and responds to information.

A 70-year-old alcoholic patient with acute lethargy, confusion, and incontinence is admitted to the hospital ED. His wife tells you that he fell down the stairs about a month ago, but 'he didn't have a scratch afterward.' She feels that he has become gradually less active and sleepier over the last 10 days or so. Which of the following collaborative interventions will you implement first?

  • A. Place on the hospital alcohol withdrawal protocol.
  • B. Transfer to radiology for a CT scan.
  • C. Insert a retention catheter to straight drainage.
  • D. Give phenytoin (Dilantin) 100 mg PO.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A CT scan is needed to rule out a subdural hematoma, which could explain the symptoms.

Which patient should the nurse assess first after change-of-shift report?

  • A. A 42-year-old patient with carpal tunnel syndrome complaining of pain.
  • B. A 64-year-old patient with osteoporosis who is waiting for discharge.
  • C. A 28-year-old patient with fracture complaining that the cast is tight.
  • D. A 56-year-old patient with left leg amputation complaining of phantom pain.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A tight cast can lead to compartment syndrome, which is a medical emergency.

MRS. Post is being discharged tomorrow on a regimen of prednisone and aspirin to control her symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus. She should be told to call her physician immediately if which one of the following occurs?

  • A. Missed menstrual period
  • B. Inability to take oral medications because of vomiting
  • C. Temperature elevated to 99.6°F
  • D. Ankle edema
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Vomiting can interfere with medication absorption and effectiveness.

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