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A patient undergoing fertility treatments asks about the role of luteinizing hormone (LH). What should the nurse explain?
- A. LH stimulates the growth of the uterine lining.
- B. LH triggers ovulation by causing the release of a mature egg from the ovary.
- C. LH suppresses follicle development in the early cycle.
- D. LH is only important during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because LH triggers ovulation by causing the release of a mature egg from the ovary. LH surge occurs around mid-cycle, stimulating the mature follicle to rupture and release the egg. This is crucial for fertility and conception.
A is incorrect because LH does not stimulate the growth of the uterine lining; that is primarily regulated by estrogen and progesterone.
C is incorrect because LH actually promotes follicle development and maturation.
D is incorrect because LH is important for ovulation and not just during pregnancy.
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A client has been notified that because of fallopian tube obstruction, her best option for becoming pregnant is through in vitro fertilization. The client asks the nurse about the procedure. Which of the following responses is correct?
- A. During the stimulation phase of the procedure
- B. the physician will make sure that only one egg reaches maturation.
- C. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis will be performed on your partner's sperm before they are mixed with your eggs.
- D. After ovarian stimulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Extra embryos can be cryopreserved for future use.
The nurse is instructing a client on taking her basal body temperature. The nurse understands that this test is used to determine which of the following?
- A. If the client's cervical mucus contains enough estrogen to support sperm motility
- B. If the client's temperature rises 1 to 5 days after the midcycle
- C. If surgical correction of uterine pathology is needed
- D. If the client is experiencing blockage of the uterine cavity and the fallopian tubes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: If the client's temperature rises 1 to 5 days after the midcycle. Basal body temperature is used to detect ovulation, which occurs when there is a rise in temperature after the midcycle. This rise indicates that ovulation has occurred. Monitoring basal body temperature is a natural family planning method.
A: Checking cervical mucus for estrogen levels is typically done to assess fertility but not related to basal body temperature.
C: Basal body temperature does not provide information on the need for surgical correction of uterine pathology.
D: Basal body temperature does not assess blockages in the uterine cavity or fallopian tubes.
What is the primary purpose of Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) in IVF?
- A. To increase the number of embryos available for transfer.
- B. To identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before implantation.
- C. To enhance uterine receptivity for implantation.
- D. To stimulate egg production during ovarian stimulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before implantation. PGT is used to screen embryos for genetic disorders before implantation in IVF to prevent the transmission of genetic diseases to the offspring. By identifying abnormalities, only healthy embryos are selected for transfer, increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy. Other choices are incorrect as PGT does not directly impact the number of embryos available (A), uterine receptivity (C), or egg production (D) during IVF.
A nurse is caring for several women in labor. The nurse determines that which woman is the latent phase of labor?
- A. contractions every 5 minutes, cervical dilation 3 cm
- B. contractions every 3 minutes, cervical dilation 6 cm
- C. contractions every 2 1/2 minutes, cervical dilation 8 cm
- D. contractions every 1 minute, cervical dilation 9 cm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Contractions every 5 minutes with cervical dilation of 3 cm is typical of the latent phase of labor. This phase is characterized by early labor with mild contractions and slow cervical dilation. The other scenarios describe more advanced stages of labor with faster contractions and greater cervical dilation, indicating the active phase.
A nurse is teaching about sperm freezing for fertility preservation. What should be included in the education?
- A. Sperm freezing is only effective for men over 40 years old.
- B. Frozen sperm can be stored indefinitely with proper conditions.
- C. Sperm quality improves after freezing and thawing.
- D. Frozen sperm must be used within one year.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because frozen sperm can indeed be stored indefinitely with proper conditions such as constant low temperatures. This allows men to preserve their fertility for an extended period. Choice A is incorrect as sperm freezing is effective for men of all ages, not just those over 40. Choice C is incorrect because sperm quality may decline slightly after freezing and thawing. Choice D is incorrect as properly stored frozen sperm can maintain viability for many years, not just within one year.