Nokea
Analyze the pedigree below. Which of the following inheritance patterns does the pedigree depict?
- A. Autosomal dominant.
- B. Mitochondrial inheritance.
- C. X-linked recessive.
- D. Y-linked trait.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pattern suggests autosomal dominant inheritance.
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A woman asks the obstetrician's nurse about cord blood banking. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be best?
- A. I think it would be best to ask the doctor to tell you about that.
- B. The cord blood is frozen in case your baby develops a serious illness in the future.
- C. The doctors could transfuse anyone who gets into a bad accident with the blood.
- D. Cord blood banking is very expensive and the blood is rarely ever used.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cord blood banking preserves stem cells for potential future medical use.
A patient undergoing ovarian stimulation reports mild bloating and abdominal discomfort. What is the nurse's appropriate response?
- A. These symptoms may indicate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and need monitoring.
- B. These symptoms are not related to ovarian stimulation.
- C. Abdominal discomfort guarantees successful ovulation.
- D. These symptoms suggest the treatment is ineffective.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because bloating and abdominal discomfort can be early signs of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, a serious condition that requires monitoring. Choice B is incorrect as these symptoms can indeed be related to ovarian stimulation. Choice C is incorrect as abdominal discomfort does not guarantee successful ovulation. Choice D is incorrect as these symptoms do not necessarily suggest treatment ineffectiveness. Monitoring and assessing for signs of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome are crucial in this scenario.
Choose the correct instructions for a man who must provide a semen sample.
- A. After collecting the sample in a condom, refrigerate it until it is transported to the laboratory.
- B. Masturbation is the only way a good sample can be obtained.
- C. Keep the sample near the body, and transport it to the laboratory within 1 hour.
- D. Do not take any regularly scheduled drugs for 3 days before obtaining the sample.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instructions for a man providing a semen sample is to keep the sample near the body and transport it to the laboratory within 1 hour. This ensures the sample remains viable for accurate testing.
A nurse is teaching about sperm freezing for fertility preservation. What should be included in the education?
- A. Sperm freezing is only effective for men over 40 years old.
- B. Frozen sperm can be stored indefinitely with proper conditions.
- C. Sperm quality improves after freezing and thawing.
- D. Frozen sperm must be used within one year.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because frozen sperm can indeed be stored indefinitely with proper conditions such as constant low temperatures. This allows men to preserve their fertility for an extended period. Choice A is incorrect as sperm freezing is effective for men of all ages, not just those over 40. Choice C is incorrect because sperm quality may decline slightly after freezing and thawing. Choice D is incorrect as properly stored frozen sperm can maintain viability for many years, not just within one year.
What is the primary purpose of Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) in IVF?
- A. To increase the number of embryos available for transfer.
- B. To identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before implantation.
- C. To enhance uterine receptivity for implantation.
- D. To stimulate egg production during ovarian stimulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before implantation. PGT is used to screen embryos for genetic disorders before implantation in IVF to prevent the transmission of genetic diseases to the offspring. By identifying abnormalities, only healthy embryos are selected for transfer, increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy. Other choices are incorrect as PGT does not directly impact the number of embryos available (A), uterine receptivity (C), or egg production (D) during IVF.