Nokea
A patient who has tuberculosis asks the nurse why three drugs are used to treat this disease. The nurse will explain that multi-drug therapy is used to reduce
- A. disease relapse
- B. drug hypersensitivity reactions
- C. drug resistance
- D. drug adverse effects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Multi-drug therapy prevents TB resistance; it doesn't directly reduce relapse , hypersensitivity , or side effects . Without multi-drug therapy, patients easily develop resistance to antitubercular drugs.
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The role of the NP in the use of herbal medication is to:
- A. Maintain competence in the prescribing of common herbal remedies
- B. Recommend common over-the-counter herbs to patients
- C. Educate patients and guide them to appropriate sources of care
- D. Encourage patients to not use herbal therapy due to the documented dangers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NPs should educate patients and guide them to safe herbal use, not universally discourage it.
The nursing instructor is discussing drug therapy in the older adult. What would the instructor tell the students could affect therapeutic dosing in an older adult?
- A. In older adults, drugs have decreased GI absorption.
- B. In older adults
- C. In older adults, drugs are distributed to a smaller portion of the tissue.
- D. In older adults, drugs have an increased action.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased GI absorption in older adults can reduce drug bioavailability, necessitating dosage adjustments.
The nurse learns that a drug needed by the patient is classified as an orphan drug and recognizes what as a reason for this classification? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. The drug is rarely prescribed.
- B. The drug has dangerous adverse effects.
- C. The drug treats a rare disease.
- D. The patent on the medication is still effective.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Drugs are classified as orphan drugs when they are not financially viable for a drug company to produce either because of risk for lawsuits about adverse effects or because the drug is not prescribed, which is often seen in rare diagnoses. Generic drugs are not produced until the patent expires, but this has no impact on classifying a particular drug as an orphan drug. Generic drugs are often produced by companies that only manufacture drugs without conducting research, but this has no bearing on the classification of orphan drugs.
Live attenuated influenza vaccine (FluMist) may be administered to:
- A. All patients over 6 months of age
- B. Patients between ages 2 and 49 with no risk factors
- C. Patients with an upper respiratory infection (URI) or asthma
- D. Pregnant women
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: FluMist is approved for healthy individuals aged 2-49; URI/asthma or pregnancy are contraindications.
Not metabolized in liver
- A. Cimetidine
- B. Phenytoin
- C. Diazepam
- D. Penicillin G
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Penicillin G is primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys, unlike the others metabolized by the liver.