Nokea
A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) for anemia management. Which parameter should the nurse monitor closely during ESA therapy?
- A. Serum potassium levels
- B. Hemoglobin levels
- C. Serum creatinine levels
- D. White blood cell count
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) for anemia management, the parameter that should be monitored closely by the nurse is the hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin levels indicate the patient's response to ESA therapy and are essential in assessing the effectiveness of the treatment in addressing anemia. Monitoring hemoglobin levels helps ensure that the patient's anemia is controlled within the target range to avoid both the risks of under-treatment (resulting in persistent anemia) and over-treatment (increased risk of adverse outcomes such as hypertension, stroke, or cardiovascular events).
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Before transferring the patient to the operating room (OR), the nurse notices a discrepancy between the surgical consent form and the planned procedure. What should the nurse do?
- A. Proceed with the planned procedure
- B. Inform the patient about the discrepancy
- C. Consult the surgeon for clarification
- D. Document the discrepancy in the patient's chart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a nurse notices a discrepancy between the surgical consent form and the planned procedure, it is essential to consult the surgeon for clarification. The surgeon is the primary decision-maker regarding the surgical procedure and can provide insight into why the discrepancy exists and how to proceed. It is crucial to ensure that everyone is on the same page before moving forward with the surgery to prevent errors, ensure patient safety, and maintain legal and ethical standards. Consulting the surgeon allows for the issue to be addressed promptly and for the appropriate steps to be taken to resolve the discrepancy before proceeding with the surgery.
Nurse Vera informs the patient she should be screened for pre-eclmapsia during this term of pregnancy_______.
- A. first
- B. Third
- C. second
- D. Before delivery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pre-eclampsia is a serious condition that can occur during pregnancy, usually after 20 weeks gestation. It is important to screen for pre-eclampsia early in the pregnancy to monitor and manage the condition effectively. Screening for pre-eclampsia typically begins in the first trimester of pregnancy to identify any risk factors and provide appropriate care for the patient. Therefore, Nurse Vera informing the patient to get screened for pre-eclampsia in the first term of pregnancy is the most appropriate time to start monitoring for this condition.
A woman in active labor demonstrates persistent occiput posterior fetal position, leading to prolonged labor and severe back pain. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to facilitate fetal rotation and optimize labor progress?
- A. Assisting the mother into a hands-and-knees position
- B. Administering intravenous opioids for pain relief
- C. Preparing for immediate instrumental delivery
- D. Initiating continuous electronic fetal monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assisting the mother into a hands-and-knees position should be prioritized to facilitate fetal rotation and optimize labor progress in the case of persistent occiput posterior fetal position. This position helps in promoting fetal rotation to a more favorable position for delivery by allowing the baby's head to move into the anterior position. It can help alleviate back pain and may help reduce the duration of labor. This simple maneuver can sometimes correct the malposition without the need for interventions like instrumental delivery. It is a non-invasive and effective technique that can be easily implemented by healthcare providers to support the progression of labor.
The last and necessary part of the activity is _______.
- A. informing the students their next day 's assignment
- B. the joke portion for good vibes
- C. evaluation so that future. but similar activities can be improved
- D. after care of the venue, an earlier reminder by the Head Nurse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The last and necessary part of any activity should involve an evaluation process. By evaluating the activity, the organizers can gather feedback on what worked well and what areas need improvement. This feedback is crucial for enhancing future activities that are similar in nature. It allows for reflections on the effectiveness of the activity, identifies strengths and weaknesses, and helps in making necessary adjustments for better outcomes in the future. Overall, evaluation ensures continuous improvement and development in organizing successful activities.
A patient became seriously ill after a nurse gave him the wrong medication. After his recovery , he filed a lawsuit. Who is MOST likely to be held liable?
- A. No one because it was an accident
- B. hospital
- C. nurse
- D. nurse and the hospital
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In cases where a patient becomes seriously ill or is harmed due to receiving the wrong medication, both the nurse and the hospital are likely to be held liable. The nurse is responsible for administering the correct medication to the patient, and any error in this process can lead to harm. The hospital may also be held liable for the actions of its employees, including nurses, under the legal principle of vicarious liability. Additionally, the hospital has a duty to ensure that proper protocols are in place to prevent medication errors, and failure to do so can lead to liability. Therefore, in this scenario, both the nurse and the hospital are likely to share liability for the patient's harm.