Chapter 17 Endocrine System Test Questions

Chapter 17 Endocrine System Test Questions Related

Review Chapter 17 Endocrine System Test Questions related questions and content

A patient with a recent drug poisoning is transported to the emergency department. The physician orders (correctly, in this case) administration of pralidoxime as part of the comprehensive emergency treatment plan. Which one of the following best describes who the patient was?

  • A. A 13-year-old boy who took an overdose of amphetamine for his ADD/ADHD
  • B. A 43-year-old who took an overdose of neostigmine, prescribed for her myasthenia gravis, in a suicide attempt
  • C. A 6-year-old who got into the family medicine cabinet and took 10 'adult doses' of her dad's prazosin
  • D. A farm/field worker accidentally doused with insecticide from an overflying crop-duster plane
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because pralidoxime is used to treat poisoning from organophosphate insecticides, which are commonly used in agriculture. The patient is likely a farm/field worker who was accidentally exposed to insecticide.

A: Amphetamine poisoning does not require pralidoxime.
B: Neostigmine is not an organophosphate insecticide.
C: Prazosin is not an organophosphate insecticide and is unlikely to require pralidoxime in this context.

In summary, the correct answer is D because the patient's exposure to insecticide aligns with the indication for pralidoxime use, while the other choices involve different substances that do not require pralidoxime treatment.

You may also like to solve these questions

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) is a prohormone for __________.

  • A. ACTH
  • B. growth hormone
  • C. thyroxin
  • D. insulin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: POMC is processed into various peptide hormones, including adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol. This is why option A is correct. Growth hormone, thyroxin, and insulin are not derived from POMC, making options B, C, and D incorrect.

The endocrine gland(s) referred to as the 'master gland' is the:

  • A. pancreas
  • B. adrenal glands
  • C. thyroid gland
  • D. pituitary gland
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it controls the functions of other endocrine glands in the body. It secretes hormones that regulate various bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. It is located at the base of the brain and is divided into two parts: anterior and posterior. The anterior pituitary gland produces and releases several important hormones that influence other endocrine glands. The other choices (A: pancreas, B: adrenal glands, C: thyroid gland) do not have the same broad regulatory control over the endocrine system as the pituitary gland.

Cushing syndrome and Addison’s disease are:

  • A. forms of chronic adrenal cortical hypofunction.
  • B. forms of chronic adrenal cortical hypersecretion.
  • C. treated with replacement doses of cortisol (i.e., prednisone).
  • D. disorders of the adrenal cortex.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because both Cushing syndrome and Addison's disease are disorders of the adrenal cortex. Cushing syndrome involves excessive cortisol production, while Addison's disease is characterized by insufficient cortisol production. Both conditions directly affect the adrenal cortex, leading to hormonal imbalances.

Choice A is incorrect because Cushing syndrome involves hyperfunction, not hypofunction. Choice B is incorrect as it states hypersecretion, which is true for Cushing syndrome but not for Addison's disease. Choice C is incorrect because while replacement cortisol therapy is used for Addison's disease, it is not the only treatment option, and it does not apply to Cushing syndrome.

Diabetes insipidus is caused due to deficiency of hormone:

  • A. Insulin
  • B. ADH
  • C. Growth hormone
  • D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: ADH (antidiuretic hormone). Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to a deficiency of ADH, which regulates water balance in the body. Insulin (choice A) is related to diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus. Growth hormone (choice C) and oxytocin (choice D) do not play a direct role in water balance regulation. Therefore, choice B is the most appropriate answer for this question.

Which of the following post-operative nursing actions should the nurse perform when a client with acromegaly has nasal packing?

  • A. Detect the signs of increased intracranial pressure and meningitis
  • B. Detect the presence of cerebrospinal fluid
  • C. Detect the signs of hypoglycemia
  • D. Detect the presence of striae
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be detected after nasal packing, as leakage of CSF may indicate a cerebrospinal fluid leak, which can occur after pituitary surgery.

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