Nokea
A patient with AIDS is planning a trip to Mexico. What teaching should the nurse provide to this patient to prevent the development of an opportunistic infection? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Use beach towels.
- B. Do not walk barefoot.
- C. Do not eat raw fruits or vegetables.
- D. Clean bathroom supplies with bleach.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use beach towels. Using beach towels can help prevent skin infections caused by exposure to contaminated surfaces. Walking barefoot (B) can increase the risk of skin infections. Eating raw fruits or vegetables (C) is not directly related to preventing opportunistic infections in this scenario. Cleaning bathroom supplies with bleach (D) is important for general hygiene but not specific to preventing opportunistic infections.
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The difference between child abuse and child neglect is:
- A. Abuse is done on purpose; neglect is accidental.
- B. Abuse is an act of commission; neglect is an act of omission.
- C. Abuse is a crime; neglect is not.
- D. Children are often afraid to report abuse, but are willing to report neglect.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abuse is purposeful mistreatment of another (therefore commission) and neglect is deprivation that is an omission of needed care.
According to the World Health Organization study, which nursing activity addresses the number one psychiatric cause of disability in the world today?
- A. Arranging for a client's transportation to Alcoholics Anonymous meetings
- B. Helping the family understand their mother's obsessive-compulsive disorder
- C. Offering a depression screening at a local school for students in grades 8 through 12
- D. Providing nursing care at a free clinic that serves the schizophrenic population in a large city
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because offering a depression screening at a local school for students in grades 8 through 12 addresses the number one psychiatric cause of disability in the world today, according to the World Health Organization study. Depression screening in schools can help identify mental health issues early, leading to timely intervention and support for students. This proactive approach aligns with the WHO's focus on addressing mental health challenges globally.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the number one psychiatric cause of disability as identified by the WHO study. Arranging transportation to Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, helping a family understand OCD, and providing nursing care for the schizophrenic population are important activities but do not specifically target the primary psychiatric cause of disability worldwide.
Which of the following is an effective way to address cultural issues about personal contact in a clinical care setting?
- A. Be considerate of the patient's requests not to be touched
- B. Attempt to accommodate the patient's requests whenever possible, while providing medically appropriate care
- C. Identify a chaperone and override the patient's requests in order to expedite their care
- D. Ask that a family member remain at the bedside at all times to oversee patient care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Accommodation balances cultural sensitivity with medical necessity.
The child's ability to use language develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Language development accelerates in the preoperational stage (Piaget) with symbolic thought.
Which of the following is not a reason adults often do not seek interventions for hearing loss?
- A. Cost of treatment
- B. One in four
- C. Perception that problem is not severe
- D. Availability of treatment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ‘One in four' is irrelevant; cost and perception are common barriers.