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A pregnant patient presents for a routine 16-week prenatal visit. Her BP has decreased from 119/78 mmHg at her 12-week visit to 110/69 mmHg. What hemodynamic factor accounts for the decrease in BP?
- A. Decrease preload
- B. Decrease in stroke volume
- C. Decrease cardiac output
- D. Decrease in systemic vascular resistance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pregnancy typically leads to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance, which results in a lower blood pressure.
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Which one of the following is most true about aging changes?
- A. Stage 3 and 4 sleep decreases.
- B. Renal perfusion is not reduced, but renal function is reduced.
- C. Hearing acuity declines beginning in middle age.
- D. Prostatic enlargement occurs only in a minority of men.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aging leads to a decrease in the deeper stages of sleep (Stage 3 and 4).
Which of the following statements about community-based services is true?
- A. Senior centers may be used only by low-income older adults.
- B. Funding for Meals on Wheels is solely from local sources.
- C. Area Agencies on Aging usually do not provide services directly to older adults.
- D. The majority of the Administration on Aging budget goes to nutrition programs and community-based supportive services.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The majority of the budget for Area Agencies on Aging goes to nutrition and supportive services for older adults.
Recommended combination therapy for uncomplicated anorectal and pharyngeal gonorrhea is?
- A. Ceftriaxone and benzathine penicillin
- B. Benzathine penicillin and doxycycline
- C. Doxycycline and ciprofloxacin
- D. Ceftriaxone and azithromycin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The recommended treatment for gonorrhea is ceftriaxone and azithromycin for uncomplicated infections.
How many chains of lymph nodes should be assessed during a clinical examination?
- A. Five chains
- B. Seven chains
- C. Nine chains
- D. Eleven chains
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Seven chains of lymph nodes are typically assessed during a clinical examination, including cervical, axillary, and inguinal regions.
Headaches with symptoms of nausea and vomiting may be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT:
- A. Migraine headache
- B. Brain tumors
- C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- D. Tension headache
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tension headaches typically do not present with nausea and vomiting.