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A pregnant woman states, “My husband hopes I will give him a boy because we have three girls.” What will the nurse explain to this woman?
- A. The sex chromosome of the fertilized ovum determines the gender of the child.
- B. When the sperm and ovum are united, there is a 75% chance the child will be a girl.
- C. When the pH of the female reproductive tract is acidic, the child will be a girl.
- D. If a sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes an ovum, then a boy is produced.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When a Y-bearing sperm fertilizes an ovum, a male child is produced.
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A nurse is caring for a postpartum person during the fourth stage of labor. The nurse is assessing uterine involution to ensure that the uterus is returning to its prepregnancy size and position. Which finding is indicative of normal uterine involution during this stage?
- A. Uterus is palpable at the level of the umbilicus.
- B. Uterine fundus is firm, at the level of the umbilicus.
- C. Uterus is displaced to the right side of the abdomen.
- D. Uterus is above the level of the umbilicus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because during the fourth stage of labor, the uterine fundus should be firm and at the level of the umbilicus. This indicates proper involution as the uterus is contracting and reducing in size. Choice A is incorrect as the uterus should not be palpable at the level of the umbilicus during normal involution. Choice C is incorrect as the uterus should not be displaced to the right side of the abdomen. Choice D is incorrect as the uterus should not be above the level of the umbilicus, as this would suggest inadequate involution.
Which food is best for constipation relief?
- A. Pasta
- B. Rice
- C. Yogurt
- D. Celery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Celery is high in fiber and water, making it an effective choice for relieving constipation.
A pregnant patient’s biophysical profile score is 8. The patient asks the nurse to explain the results. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
- A. The test results are within normal limits.
- B. Immediate birth by cesarean birth is being considered.
- C. Further testing will be performed to determine the meaning of this score.
- D. An obstetric specialist will evaluate the results of this profile and, within the next week, will inform you of your options regarding birth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A score of 8-10 is within the normal range for a biophysical profile, indicating no immediate concerns for the fetus.
A pregnant woman who is 28 weeks gestation reports that she feels dizzy and faint when she stands up. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?
- A. Lie down flat on your back immediately.
- B. Stand up quickly to prevent dizziness from worsening.
- C. Drink a large amount of water to alleviate the dizziness.
- D. Get up slowly and avoid standing for long periods.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, instructing the pregnant woman to get up slowly and avoid standing for long periods. This is because during pregnancy, blood pressure can drop when standing up quickly, leading to dizziness and fainting. Getting up slowly allows the body to adjust gradually, preventing a sudden drop in blood pressure. Standing for long periods can worsen these symptoms, so it is important to avoid prolonged standing.
A: Lying down flat on the back immediately can worsen symptoms in this case by reducing blood flow to the brain.
B: Standing up quickly can exacerbate dizziness and fainting by causing a sudden drop in blood pressure.
C: Drinking a large amount of water may not address the underlying issue of postural hypotension and could potentially worsen symptoms by increasing blood volume without addressing the drop in blood pressure.
A pregnant patient at 26 weeks gestation reports nausea and vomiting. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer anti-nausea medications as prescribed.
- B. Instruct the patient to eat larger meals less frequently.
- C. Encourage the patient to eat smaller, more frequent meals and avoid greasy foods.
- D. Encourage the patient to rest and avoid physical activity.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because nausea and vomiting are common during pregnancy and can be alleviated by eating smaller, more frequent meals and avoiding greasy foods. This strategy helps maintain stable blood sugar levels and reduces gastric distress. Administering anti-nausea medications (A) should only be considered if conservative measures fail. Instructing the patient to eat larger meals less frequently (B) may worsen symptoms. Encouraging rest and avoiding physical activity (D) may be beneficial but addressing dietary factors is the priority in this case.