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A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on a committee that is developing programs that integrate the objectives for mental health and mental disorders as identified in Healthy People 2020. Which type of program would be least appropriate?
- A. Single substance abuse treatment programs
- B. Depression screening programs for primary care providers
- C. Mental health programs for the homeless population
- D. Employment programs for those with serious mental illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Healthy People 2020 emphasizes integrated, comprehensive mental health care. Single substance abuse treatment programs, which focus narrowly on one issue without addressing co-occurring mental health disorders, are less aligned with the holistic, integrated objectives of Healthy People 2020 compared to the other options.
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The following events are important in the development of psychiatric-mental health nursing practice. Which event occurred first?
- A. Publication of Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing by the ANA
- B. Publication of Standards of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Practice
- C. Establishment of the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers University
- D. Publication of the first psychiatric nursing text, Nursing Mental Disease, by Harriet Bailey
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Harriet Bailey?s *Nursing Mental Disease* (1920) was the first psychiatric nursing text, predating the establishment of the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers University (1954), the ANA?s *Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing* (1973), and the *Standards of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Practice* (1985).
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the evolution of mental health care and are discussing the recommendations of the final report of the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify that the report recommended an increase in which of the following?
- A. Numbers of mental health hospitals
- B. State funding for mental health care
- C. Clinics supplemented by general hospital units
- D. Use of psychotherapy by psychiatrists
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health (1961) recommended increasing community-based mental health services, including clinics supplemented by general hospital units, to shift care from large state institutions to more accessible, community-oriented settings.
After teaching a class to a group of nursing students about the historical perspectives of mental health care, the instructor determines that the group has understood the information when they identify which of the following as a common belief about mental illness during the medieval period?
- A. Mental illness in an individual was the result of being possessed by demons.
- B. A person was removed from a contaminated environment to protect him or her.
- C. Exorcisms were used as primary mode of treatment to cleanse the person of his or her sins.
- D. The focus was on moral treatment to promote the individual?s safety and comfort.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During the medieval period, mental illness was commonly believed to result from demonic possession, with treatments often involving exorcisms or other religious interventions, reflecting the era?s spiritual understanding of mental disorders.
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is implementing evidence-based practice. The nurse understands that this approach is developed by doing which of the following first?
- A. Conducting research
- B. Identifying a clinical question
- C. Determining outcomes
- D. Collaborating with the patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evidence-based practice begins with identifying a clinical question, often using the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) framework, to guide the search for and application of evidence to improve patient care.
The following are important legislative and policy efforts influencing current mental health care. Which of the following is the most recent?
- A. Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
- B. New Freedom Commission on Mental Health
- C. Action for Mental Health
- D. Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The New Freedom Commission on Mental Health (2003) is the most recent, followed by *Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General* (1999), *Action for Mental Health* (1961), and the *Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act* (1963).