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As part of a career day presentation to a group of nursing students, a psychiatric-mental health nurse plans to describe how this specialty developed. Which individual would the nurse describe as playing a major role in the development of specialty training programs for psychiatric nurses?
- A. Mary Adelaide Nutting
- B. Hildegarde Peplau
- C. Harriet Bailey
- D. Linda Richards
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hildegard Peplau played a pivotal role in developing specialty training programs for psychiatric nurses, notably through her establishment of the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers University in 1954 and her foundational work in psychiatric nursing theory.
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A nursing student is presenting a discussion of the history of psychiatric-mental health nursing and its place within nursing history. Which of the following would be most appropriate to include?
- A. Certification for the psychiatric-mental health nursing specialty was first emphasized by Mary Adelaide Nutting.
- B. Psychiatric nurses played a part in seeing that all deinstitutionalized patients got treatment at community mental health centers.
- C. There is a historical link between the first nursing program to admit male students and the first training school for psychiatric nursing.
- D. The first graduate program in psychiatric nurses was established in response to the publication of psychiatric nursing specialty journals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Psychiatric nurses were instrumental in the deinstitutionalization movement, particularly following the 1960s, by ensuring that patients released from large institutions received treatment in community mental health centers, aligning with the shift toward community-based care.
A nurse is preparing a presentation about the current status of mental health services in the United States. Which statement would the nurse include as the most reflective of this status?
- A. Mental health care in the United States is equally accessible to individuals.
- B. Mental illness ranks second in terms of causing disability in comparison.
- C. Mental health care primarily focuses on the cure of mental illness.
- D. Mental health care services are inadequate and fragmented.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mental health services in the U.S. are widely recognized as inadequate and fragmented, with disparities in access, insufficient funding, and gaps in service delivery, as noted in reports like the New Freedom Commission on Mental Health (2003).
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on a committee that is developing programs that integrate the objectives for mental health and mental disorders as identified in Healthy People 2020. Which type of program would be least appropriate?
- A. Single substance abuse treatment programs
- B. Depression screening programs for primary care providers
- C. Mental health programs for the homeless population
- D. Employment programs for those with serious mental illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Healthy People 2020 emphasizes integrated, comprehensive mental health care. Single substance abuse treatment programs, which focus narrowly on one issue without addressing co-occurring mental health disorders, are less aligned with the holistic, integrated objectives of Healthy People 2020 compared to the other options.
The following events are important in the development of psychiatric-mental health nursing practice. Which event occurred first?
- A. Publication of Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing by the ANA
- B. Publication of Standards of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Practice
- C. Establishment of the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers University
- D. Publication of the first psychiatric nursing text, Nursing Mental Disease, by Harriet Bailey
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Harriet Bailey?s *Nursing Mental Disease* (1920) was the first psychiatric nursing text, predating the establishment of the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers University (1954), the ANA?s *Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing* (1973), and the *Standards of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Practice* (1985).
A nurse is reviewing the American Nurses Association?s Statement on Psychiatric Nursing Practice published in 1967, which sanctioned the involvement of psychiatric-mental health nurses in the provision of holistic nursing care. Integrating knowledge of the various theories and views of mental health and illness, the nurse identifies which of the following as most strongly linked to this holistic approach?
- A. Sigmund Freud?s psychoanalytic theory
- B. Florence Nightingale?s Notes on Nursing
- C. Hildegarde
- D. Clifford Beers? A Mind That Found Itself
- E. Peplau?s Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The 1967 ANA Statement on Psychiatric Nursing Practice emphasized holistic care, which was strongly influenced by Hildegard Peplau?s Interpersonal Relations in Nursing (1952). Peplau?s work focused on the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship, aligning with the holistic approach of addressing physical, emotional, and social needs.