Nokea
A review of a client's history reveals that the client takes ginkgo. Which of the following would the nurse assess for in the client as a common adverse reaction?
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Headache
- C. Hypotension
- D. Rash
- E. GI discomfort
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The most common adverse reactions associated with ginkgo include mild GI discomfort, headache, and rash.
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A client taking which of the following medications will see a decrease in effectiveness if rivastigmine (Exclon) is initiated?
- A. Benztropine (Cogentin)
- B. Quetiapine (Seroquel)
- C. Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
- D. Theophylline (Theo-Dur)
- E. Tiotropium (Spiriva)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: A client taking anticholinergic medications, like benztropine, glycopyrrolate, and tiotropium, will see a decrease in effectiveness if rivastigmine (Exelon) is initiated.
A nurse is preparing to administer rivastigmine oral solution. The nurse decides to mix it in a small amount of which of the following?
- A. Water
- B. Coffee
- C. Soda
- D. Tea
- E. Fruit juice
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: A nurse administering rivastigmine (Exelon) oral solution can give the solution directly to the client or mix it in a small amount of water, cold fruit juice, or soda.
After teaching a group of nursing students about confusion and how it differs from dementia, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following about delirium?
- A. The onset occurred suddenly.
- B. Memory is significantly impaired.
- C. Sensory impairment occurs.
- D. Environmental changes are needed for safety.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Delirium occurs suddenly, affects the senses, and is reversible when the cause is found. In contrast, dementia occurs slowly, affects memory and judgment, and is not reversible, often requiring a change in the environment to maintain safety.
After teaching a group of nursing students about cholinesterase inhibitors, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the students identify which drug as an example?
- A. Rivastigmine
- B. Donepezil
- C. Memantine
- D. Galantamine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Memantine is an example of an NMDA receptor antagonist. Rivastigmine, donepezil, and galantamine are cholinesterase inhibitors.
To assess a client's cognitive ability, the nurse uses the Mini-Mental Status Examination. Which areas would the nurse assess?
- A. Reading comprehension
- B. Calculation
- C. Orientation
- D. Recall
- E. Language
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The Mini-Mental Status Examination assesses a client's abilities on items such as orientation, calculation, recall, and language.