Nokea
A schoolteacher asks the nurse whether all the children at school need treatment after exposure to a 7-year-old child with bacterial meningitis. The nurse responds that chemoprophylaxis should be given to:
- A. All children at the school.
- B. All household contacts and close contacts.
- C. The entire community.
- D. Household contacts only.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemoprophylaxis is recommended for household and close contacts of a child with bacterial meningitis to prevent secondary cases, not the entire school or community.
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A client is prescribed buspirone (BuSpar) 5mg two times a day. Which of the following statements indicates that the client has understood the nurse's teaching about this drug? Select all that apply.
- A. This medicine will make me sleepy
- B. BuSpar will relax my muscles
- C. My anxiety will be completely gone by tomorrow
- D. BuSpar will help me not to worry so much
- E. I'll be able to focus better
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Buspirone reduces anxiety and improves focus without causing sedation or muscle relaxation. Expecting complete anxiety relief by tomorrow is unrealistic, as it takes weeks to be effective.
A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted with hematemesis. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
- A. Administer pantoprazole intravenously.
- B. Insert a nasogastric tube.
- C. Administer vitamin K.
- D. Position the client supine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intravenous pantoprazole reduces acid production and stabilizes bleeding in peptic ulcer disease.
The nurse is assessing a child admitted with a diagnosis of rheumatic fever. Which significant question should the nurse ask the child's parent during the assessment?
- A. Has your child had difficulty urinating?
- B. Has your child been exposed to anyone with chickenpox?
- C. Has any family member had a sore throat within the past few weeks?
- D. Has any family member had a gastrointestinal disorder in the past few weeks?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rheumatic fever characteristically presents 2 to 6 weeks after an untreated or partially treated group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection of the respiratory tract. Initially the nurse determines whether any family member has had a sore throat or unexplained fever within the past few weeks. The remaining options are unrelated to the assessment findings of rheumatic fever.
When a client with alcohol dependency begins to talk about not having a problem with alcohol, the nurse should use which of the following approaches?
- A. Questioning the client about how much alcohol she drinks.
- B. Confronting the client with the fact that she was intoxicated 2 days ago.
- C. Pointing out how alcohol has gotten her into trouble.
- D. Listening to what the client states and then asking her how she plans to stay sober.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This approach uses therapeutic communication, acknowledging the client's perspective and encouraging problem-solving, which is effective for addressing denial in alcohol dependency.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of burns. Which of the following complications should the nurse monitor for in the acute phase?
- A. Hypovolemia.
- B. Hypernatremia.
- C. Hypoglycemia.
- D. Respiratory alkalosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypovolemia is a major complication in the acute phase of burns due to fluid loss.