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A staff nurse is working with a patient who is on a critical pathway for education in preparation for home care. Which one of the following responsibilities would the nurse address first?
- A. Taking vital signs
- B. Answering the client's questions
- C. Evaluating client teaching
- D. Reviewing the information with the client and family
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because reviewing the information with the client and family should be addressed first to ensure understanding and clarity. This step allows for immediate feedback and corrections if needed, promoting effective education. Taking vital signs (A) can be done after educating the client. Answering questions (B) and evaluating teaching (C) come after providing the necessary information.
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When a client experiences a major incident, what is the time frame for reporting the incident?
- A. 24 hours.
- B. 36 hours.
- C. 48 hours.
- D. 72 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 24 hours. Reporting a major incident within 24 hours is crucial for prompt resolution and mitigation of potential impacts. This timeframe allows for timely assessment, communication, and implementation of necessary actions. Reporting within 24 hours enables the organization to adhere to regulatory requirements, maintain transparency, and initiate the incident management process effectively. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as delaying reporting beyond 24 hours can result in increased risks, hinder the organization's ability to respond effectively, and may lead to non-compliance with regulations.
Which of the following best describes the role of a nurse advocate?
- A. Direct patient care provider
- B. Advocate for patient needs
- C. Manage nursing staff
- D. Ensure policy adherence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, advocate for patient needs. A nurse advocate acts as a voice for patients, ensuring their rights are respected and needs are met. This involves advocating for proper care, treatment, and support. Direct patient care provider (A) focuses on hands-on patient care. Managing nursing staff (C) involves overseeing and coordinating staff, not directly advocating for patients. Ensuring policy adherence (D) involves following organizational policies and procedures, not necessarily advocating for individual patient needs. In summary, the role of a nurse advocate is to prioritize and champion the best interests of the patient.
The changes brought forth by the state boards of nursing are an example of which type of change agent?
- A. Resistance
- B. Empirical-rational
- C. Normative-reeducative
- D. Power-coercive
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Power-coercive. State boards of nursing have the authority to enforce regulations and standards through legal power, making them a power-coercive change agent. They can mandate compliance and impose consequences for non-compliance, utilizing their regulatory power to drive change.
A: Resistance is incorrect as state boards of nursing do not resist change but rather implement and enforce it.
B: Empirical-rational is incorrect as this approach involves presenting data and information to persuade individuals to change, which may not align with the state boards' regulatory enforcement.
C: Normative-reeducative is incorrect as it focuses on changing beliefs and values through education and social influence, which is not the primary method used by state boards of nursing for implementing change.
Which of the following leaders would be considered a transformational leader?
- A. The supervisor of a unit who requests staff to work overtime.
- B. The unit secretary who encourages staff to use the proper forms.
- C. A unit manager who reminds a CNA (Certified Nursing Assistant) to work on time management skills.
- D. The Advanced Practice Nurse who encourages a staff nurse to pursue additional education for career advancement.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a transformational leader inspires and motivates followers to achieve their full potential. In this scenario, the Advanced Practice Nurse is encouraging the staff nurse to pursue additional education, showing a commitment to individual growth and development. This aligns with the characteristics of a transformational leader.
Choice A is incorrect because simply requesting staff to work overtime does not demonstrate transformational leadership qualities. Choice B is incorrect as encouraging staff to use proper forms is more aligned with transactional leadership. Choice C is incorrect as reminding a CNA to work on time management skills is more about task-oriented leadership rather than transformational leadership.
A nurse recognizes which of the following as a primary goal of nursing?
- A. Assist patients to achieve a peaceful death.
- B. Improve personal knowledge and skills to enhance patient outcomes.
- C. Advocate for quality of life rather than quantity of life.
- D. Work to control costs to enhance patients' quality of life.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assist patients to achieve a peaceful death. This is a primary goal of nursing as it involves providing comfort, dignity, and support to patients at the end of life. Nurses play a crucial role in ensuring that patients' physical, emotional, and spiritual needs are met during this challenging time.
Incorrect choices:
B: Improving personal knowledge and skills is important for nurses but not the primary goal of nursing.
C: Advocating for quality of life is essential, but the primary goal is to assist patients in achieving a peaceful death.
D: Controlling costs is important, but it is not the primary goal of nursing, which is to provide holistic care and support to patients.