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A student nurse asks the nursing instructor, 'What will my role as a nurse encompass after I graduate?' What is the best response by the nursing instructor?
- A. You will take care of clients who are ill in a hospital or long-term care facility.'
- B. You will care for individuals and families and play a role in health education, illness prevention, and promotion.'
- C. You will care for a variety of clients of all ages when they are ill.'
- D. It will all depend on where you want to work when you graduate. Nurses do different things in healthcare.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nursing is concerned with caring for individuals, families, or groups. Nurses not only care for clients when they are ill but also play a significant role in health education, illness prevention, and promotion. Nurses attend to client needs related to: hygiene; activity; diet; the environment; medical treatment; and physical, emotional, and spiritual comfort. Therefore, nurses care for clients in a variety of settings, not just hospitals or long-term care facilities. Though nurses may choose to specialize in a certain area of healthcare, all these areas involve health education and promotion and illness prevention.
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The nurse manager of a telemetry unit is considering changing from a team model of nursing to a primary nursing model. When considering this decision, what advantage does the manager understand the primary nursing model brings to nursing care?
- A. The RN will partner with one or more assistive personnel to care for a group of clients.
- B. Caregivers see to all their client's needs, thus providing holistic and comprehensive care.
- C. Tasks are divided, and clients see several people during the shift.
- D. The RN will be the team leader and direct the care that is provided by all of the other personnel.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In primary nursing, an RN assumes 24-hour accountability for the client's care and has total responsibility. An advantage is that the client has a caregiver who provides holistic and comprehensive care. An RN partnering with one or more assistive personnel when caring for a group of clients is an example of a client care-focused model. When tasks are divided with clients seeing several people during a shift, this is considered a total care model. An RN serving as a team leader directing the care provided by other personnel constitutes a team approach.
Veterans' hospitals are an example of which type of ownership?
- A. For-profit
- B. Government-owned
- C. Proprietary
- D. Nonprofit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Veterans' hospitals are an example of government-owned healthcare institutions. For-profit agencies (proprietary) are owned and operated by corporate groups with investors and stockholders. Non-profit institutions include universities and religious organizations.
A hospital unit has been using a functional nursing model for delivery of care for several years. The manager has been discussing with the staff the idea of a change to total care because functional nursing has some disadvantages to the clients. What disadvantage is the manager referring to?
- A. It is expensive because it only uses RNs.
- B. Some nurses work harder than others to provide care.
- C. It fragments care and is confusing for the clients.
- D. Nurses are accountable for the client's care 24 hours per day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although efficient, functional nursing fragments care and is confusing for clients. Primary nursing is expensive because it uses RNs only. Nurses are designated certain tasks if functional nursing is employed, so the care is divided. Nurses are accountable for client care in a primary nursing model.
The caregiver of a client with mental disabilities has recently passed away. The client is unable to perform self-care at home. What facility would best meet the needs of this client?
- A. Acute care facility
- B. Rehabilitation care
- C. Intermediate care facility
- D. Ambulatory care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intermediate care facilities (ICFs) are nursing homes that provide custodial care for people who cannot care for themselves because of mental or physical disabilities. Clients must meet specific criteria related to an inability to meet their own activities of daily living (ADL). Rehabilitation centers provide physical and occupational therapy to clients and families to help individuals regain as much independence with ADLs as possible. Acute care facilities care for clients with a higher acuity level. Ambulatory care is also referred to as outpatient care and is a short stay.
A client will be discharged from an acute care facility but will require home health services to assess the need for assistive devices to aid in activities of daily living and identify issues related to fine motor movements and muscle retraining after a stroke. What referral will home health services make?
- A. Physical therapy
- B. Homemakers
- C. Occupational therapy
- D. Speech therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Occupational therapy will assess the need for assistive devices to aid in activities of daily living and identify issues related to fine motor movements and muscle retraining. Physical therapy will assess the client's mobility after orthopedic surgery, injury, or stroke. Homemaker services will clean, do laundry, and shop for groceries. Speech therapy will provide rehabilitation to clients with speech or swallowing disorders.