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A student nurse attends a self-help group as part of a class assignment. While there the student recognizes a family friend. Upon returning home, the student talks about the experience with the family. The student's actions can be described as
- A. Appropriate, persons familiar with group members are allowed self-help group membership.
- B. Appropriate; self-help groups are not professional and therefore are open to public knowledge.
- C. Inappropriate; most self-help groups have a rule of confidentiality.
- D. Inappropriate; the student should not have been allowed to attend the group.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most self-help groups, like 12-step programs, maintain confidentiality, making it inappropriate to discuss attendees or content outside the group.
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Which of the following theories could be classified as humanistic theories?
- A. Cognitive therapy
- B. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- C. Gestalt therapy
- D. Rogers' client-centered therapy
- E. Rational emotive therapy
- F. Piaget's cognitive stages of development
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Humanistic theories, like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Rogers' client-centered therapy, focus on self-actualization and personal growth, unlike cognitive, gestalt, rational emotive, or Piaget's developmental theories.
A patient has just been told she has cervical cancer. When asked about how this is impacting her, she states 'It's just an infection, it will clear up.' The statement indicates
- A. Needs education on cervical cancer
- B. Is unable to express true feelings
- C. Should be immediately referred
- D. Is using denial to protect herself from an emotionally painful thought
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's statement reflects denial, an ego defense mechanism used unconsciously to protect against the emotional pain of a serious diagnosis like cervical cancer. Education or referrals are premature until the denial is addressed, and the statement does not indicate an inability to express feelings.
Which approach to therapy is most effective when planning for a client with negative thinking?
- A. Behavior modification
- B. Client-centered therapy
- C. Cognitive therapy
- D. Reality therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cognitive therapy directly addresses negative thinking by altering thought patterns, which subsequently influences feelings and behaviors.
A nursing supervisor reprimands an employee for being chronically late for work. If the employee handles the reprimand using the defense mechanism of displacement, he would most likely do which of the following?
- A. Argue with the supervisor that he is usually on time
- B. Make a special effort to be on time tomorrow
- C. Tell fellow employees that the supervisor is picking on him
- D. Tell the unit housekeeper that his work is sloppy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Displacement involves redirecting feelings toward a less threatening target. Venting frustration at the housekeeper, rather than the supervisor, exemplifies displacement.
Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding the cohesiveness of a group in group therapy?
- A. It is commonly present in the first meeting of the group.
- B. It is necessary for the group to have maximum cohesiveness, the more the better.
- C. Group cohesiveness is the degree to which members think alike and many things are left unspoken.
- D. Cohesiveness is a desirable group characteristic that is associated with positive group outcomes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cohesiveness, developed over time, fosters cooperation and positive outcomes in group therapy, but excessive uniformity may hinder critical thinking.