Nokea
A type IV latex allergy is characterized by ___
Correct Answer: contact dermatitis
Rationale: Type IV latex allergy is that of a contact dermatitis.
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The nurse recommends to the busy parent of three young children that the antihistamine fexofenadine would be more beneficial than diphenhydramine because fexofenadine has which quality?
- A. is inexpensive.
- B. contains a stimulant for an energy boost.
- C. does not dry out the mucous membranes.
- D. does not induce drowsiness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Allegra does not induce drowsiness as does Benadryl.
The nurse arrives at the bedside of a patient who has had a unit of packed cells infusing in his right arm for 35 minutes. He is complaining of chills, itching, and shortness of breath. What will be the nurse's initial action?
- A. Cover with a warm blanket.
- B. Take the patient's temperature.
- C. Elevate the head of the bed.
- D. Stop the transfusion and continue with saline.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Moderate reactions, resulting in fever, chills, urticaria, and wheezing, occur after the first 30 minutes of administration. In the event of a moderate reaction, stop the transfusion, continue with saline, and notify the health care provider. Elevation of the head, taking vital signs, and covering with a warm blanket are not wrong, but are not of primary importance.
The transfer of tissue between genetically identical individual (twins) is a(n) ___
Correct Answer: isograft
Rationale: An isograft is the transfer of tissue between genetically identical individual (twins).
Which action will the nurse take when a patient is receiving increasing strength of the dose in the injections for immunotherapy?
- A. Observe the patient for at least 20 minutes after administration.
- B. Take the vital signs every 10 minutes for an hour.
- C. Have the patient lie down quietly for an hour.
- D. Place a warm compress on the area to speed its absorption.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient should be observed for 20 minutes after the increased dose of the allergen. If anaphylaxis is going to occur, it will do so within that time frame.
The nurse outlines for a patient who has asthma attacks from pollen that the process from exposure to symptoms follows a systematic sequence. Which change is the last physiologic responses of an allergic asthma attack?
- A. Release of histamine
- B. Edema
- C. Vasodilation
- D. Activation of mast cells
- E. Bronchospasm
- F. Exposure to pollen
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The mast cells in the lungs are activated by the exposure to pollen. Histamine is released causing vasodilation, edema, and bronchospasm for the asthmatic.