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If a nurse is sensitive to latex gloves, which potential food sensitivities might the nurse have developed?
- A. Peanuts
- B. Avocados
- C. Milk
- D. Bananas
- E. Tomatoes
- F. Melons
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F
Rationale: A person sensitive to latex may also be sensitive to certain foods, including avocados, kiwi, bananas, chestnuts, hazelnuts, tomatoes, and melons.
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The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect when caring for a patient undergoing plasmapheresis?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hypersensitivity
- C. Urticaria
- D. Flank pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypotension occurs during plasmapheresis because of transient volume changes in the blood.
The nurse arrives at the bedside of a patient who has had a unit of packed cells infusing in his right arm for 35 minutes. He is complaining of chills, itching, and shortness of breath. What will be the nurse's initial action?
- A. Cover with a warm blanket.
- B. Take the patient's temperature.
- C. Elevate the head of the bed.
- D. Stop the transfusion and continue with saline.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Moderate reactions, resulting in fever, chills, urticaria, and wheezing, occur after the first 30 minutes of administration. In the event of a moderate reaction, stop the transfusion, continue with saline, and notify the health care provider. Elevation of the head, taking vital signs, and covering with a warm blanket are not wrong, but are not of primary importance.
How does normal aging change the immune system?
- A. Depresses bone marrow.
- B. T cells become hyperactive.
- C. B cells show deficiencies in activity.
- D. Increase in the size of the thymus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal aging causes deficiencies in both B and T cell activation, but the bone marrow is essentially uncompromised. The thymus decreases in size.
Which action will the nurse take when a patient is receiving increasing strength of the dose in the injections for immunotherapy?
- A. Observe the patient for at least 20 minutes after administration.
- B. Take the vital signs every 10 minutes for an hour.
- C. Have the patient lie down quietly for an hour.
- D. Place a warm compress on the area to speed its absorption.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient should be observed for 20 minutes after the increased dose of the allergen. If anaphylaxis is going to occur, it will do so within that time frame.
The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is ___
Correct Answer: immunization
Rationale: The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is immunization.