Nokea
Because the older adult has decreased production of saliva and gastric secretions, they are at risk for which problem?
- A. mouth ulcers.
- B. fissures in corners of the mouth.
- C. gastrointestinal infections.
- D. bloating.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deficient saliva and gastric secretions make the older adult prone to gastrointestinal infections.
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The nurse has arrived at the patient's bedside with a unit of packed cells to be connected to an IV that is infusing. When the registered nurse arrives, which action do the nurses take first?
- A. Check to ensure that the donor and recipient numbers match according to policy.
- B. Request the patient to sign the card on the packed cells.
- C. Immediately administer the packed cells.
- D. Check the patient's ID bracelet and then administer the packed cells.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Donor and recipient numbers are specific and must be thoroughly checked and the patient identified with an armband.
A patient who works in a plant nursery and has experienced an allergic reaction to a bee sting is stabilized and prepared for discharge from the clinic. During discussion of prevention and management of further allergic reactions, the nurse identifies a need for additional teaching based on which comment?
- A. I need to think about a change in my occupation.'
- B. I will learn to administer epinephrine so that I will be prepared if I am stung again.'
- C. I should wear a Medic-Alert bracelet indicating my allergy to insect stings.'
- D. I will need to take maintenance doses of corticosteroids to prevent reactions to further stings.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse?s responsibilities in patient education are as follows: Teach the patient preparation and administration of epinephrine subcutaneously. There is no need for the patient to take maintenance doses of corticosteroids because this was a short, rapid reaction.
The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is ___
Correct Answer: immunization
Rationale: The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is immunization.
What is the etiology of autoimmune diseases based on?
- A. Reaction to a 'superantigen'
- B. Immune system producing no antibodies at all
- C. T cells destroying B cells
- D. B and T cells producing autoantibodies
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Autoimmune disorders are failures of the tolerance to 'self.' B and T cells produce autoantibodies that can cause pathophysiologic tissue damage. Autoimmune disorders may be described as an immune attack on the self and result from the failure to distinguish 'self' protein from 'foreign' protein.
Which term is used to describe transplantation of tissue between members of the same species?
- A. Allograft
- B. Autograft
- C. Isograft
- D. Homograft
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The allograft is the transplantation of tissues between members of the same species, such as a graft for full-thickness burns.