Nokea
The nurse takes into consideration that when the antigen and antibody react, the complement system is activated. This results in which activity?
- A. toughens the cell wall.
- B. generates more T cells.
- C. attracts phagocytes.
- D. makes the antigen resistant.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The complement system is a group of plasma proteins that are dormant until there is an antigen-antibody interaction. The proteins destroy the cell membrane and attract phagocytes.
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Which symptom would be classified as a mild transfusion reaction?
- A. Orthopnea
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hypotension
- D. Wheezing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mild transfusion reaction signs and symptoms include dermatitis, diarrhea, fever, chills, urticaria, cough, and orthopnea.
The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is ___
Correct Answer: immunization
Rationale: The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is immunization.
The nurse arrives at the bedside of a patient who has had a unit of packed cells infusing in his right arm for 35 minutes. He is complaining of chills, itching, and shortness of breath. What will be the nurse's initial action?
- A. Cover with a warm blanket.
- B. Take the patient's temperature.
- C. Elevate the head of the bed.
- D. Stop the transfusion and continue with saline.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Moderate reactions, resulting in fever, chills, urticaria, and wheezing, occur after the first 30 minutes of administration. In the event of a moderate reaction, stop the transfusion, continue with saline, and notify the health care provider. Elevation of the head, taking vital signs, and covering with a warm blanket are not wrong, but are not of primary importance.
For which purpose is plasmapheresis used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
- A. To add corticosteroids to relieve pain.
- B. To remove pathologic substances present in the plasma.
- C. To remove waste products such as urea and albumin.
- D. To add antinuclear antibodies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Plasmapheresis is the removal of plasma-containing components causing or thought to cause disease.
Health care facilities have reduced the incidence of serious latex reactions by taking which action?
- A. having local and injectable corticosteroids on hand for employees.
- B. desensitizing staff who are allergic.
- C. supplying extra hand washing stations in the halls.
- D. using only powder-free gloves.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Powder inside gloves can become aerosolized and cause inhalant reactions.