Nokea
A woman at 10 weeks of gestation who is seen in the prenatal clinic with presumptive signs and symptoms of pregnancy likely will have:
- A. amenorrhe
- B. positive pregnancy test.
- C. Chadwick's sign.
- D. Hegar's sign.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: amenorrhea. At 10 weeks of gestation, a woman should have missed at least two menstrual periods, indicating amenorrhea. This is a presumptive sign of pregnancy as it is a common early pregnancy symptom. Positive pregnancy test (B) confirms pregnancy but is not specific to 10 weeks. Chadwick's sign (C) is a bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina, typically seen around 6-8 weeks, not specifically at 10 weeks. Hegar's sign (D) is softening of the lower uterine segment, usually felt around 6-12 weeks, not specifically at 10 weeks.
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Which situation best describes a man trying on fathering behaviors?
- A. Reading books on newborn care
- B. Spending more time with his siblings
- C. Coaching a little league baseball team
- D. Exhibiting physical symptoms related to pregnancy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because reading books on newborn care demonstrates the man actively seeking knowledge and preparing for fatherhood. This choice reflects a deliberate effort to understand and engage in fathering behaviors. Spending time with siblings (B) may improve his relationship skills but does not necessarily indicate specific fathering behaviors. Coaching a little league team (C) involves mentoring and leadership but does not directly relate to fathering. Exhibiting physical symptoms of pregnancy (D) is biologically impossible and irrelevant to fathering behaviors. Ultimately, actively seeking knowledge through reading shows the man's commitment to learning how to be a father.
What is the term for the step in maternal role attainment that relates to the woman giving up certain aspects of her previous life?
- A. Fantasy
- B. Grief work
- C. Role playing
- D. Looking for a fit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Grief work. In the process of maternal role attainment, giving up certain aspects of her previous life involves experiencing grief over the losses associated with the new role. This step is essential for the woman to fully embrace her new identity as a mother. Fantasy (A) refers to imagining scenarios, role playing (C) involves acting out behaviors, and looking for a fit (D) focuses on finding a balance between personal needs and the demands of the maternal role. Grief work is the most appropriate term that specifically addresses the emotional process of letting go and adjusting to the new responsibilities of motherhood.
Which comment made by a patient in her first trimester indicates ambivalent feelings?
- A. "My body is changing so quickly."
- B. "I haven't felt well since this pregnancy began."
- C. "I'm concerned about the amount of weight I've gaine
- D. "I wanted to become pregnant, but I'm scared about being a mother."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient expresses conflicting emotions of wanting to become pregnant but feeling scared about being a mother, indicating ambivalence. Choice A indicates awareness of physical changes, not necessarily ambivalence. Choice B reflects physical discomfort, not emotional conflict. Choice C shows concern about weight gain, not conflicting feelings. Overall, D is the only option reflecting mixed emotions about pregnancy and motherhood.
To reassure and educate their pregnant patients about changes in their blood pressure, maternity nurses should be aware that:
- A. a blood pressure cuff that is too small produces a reading that is too low; a cuff that is too large produces a reading that is too high.
- B. shifting the patient's position and changing from arm to arm for different measurements produces the most accurate composite blood pressure reading at each visit.
- C. the systolic blood pressure increases slightly as pregnancy advances; the diastolic pressure remains constant.
- D. compression of the iliac veins and inferior vena cava by the uterus contributes to hemorrhoids in the later stage of term pregnancy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Compression of the iliac veins and inferior vena cava also leads to varicose veins in the legs and vulva.
Which of these findings would indicate a potential complication related to renal function during pregnancy?
- A. Increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
- B. Increase in serum creatinine level
- C. Decrease in blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- D. Mild proteinuria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. In a healthy pregnancy, GFR increases to accommodate the increased metabolic demands.
2. An increase in serum creatinine level indicates impaired renal function, as creatinine clearance decreases during pregnancy.
3. Decrease in BUN is normal due to increased GFR.
4. Mild proteinuria can be common in pregnancy without indicating a complication.
Therefore, an increase in serum creatinine level (Choice B) suggests a potential renal complication during pregnancy.