Nokea
During pregnancy, oxygen and nutrients diffuse across the from the mother to the foetus:
- A. Placenta
- B. Kidneys
- C. Lungs
- D. Cervix
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The placenta facilitates the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the mother and fetus.
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A woman who has completed one pregnancy with a fetus (or fetuses) reaching the stage of fetal viability is called a:
- A. primipara.
- B. primigravida.
- C. multipara.
- D. nulligravida.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A primipara is a woman who has completed one pregnancy with a viable fetus.
Appendicitis may be difficult to diagnose in pregnancy because the appendix is:
- A. displaced upward and laterally, high and to the right
- B. displaced upward and laterally, high and to the left
- C. deep at McBurney point
- D. displaced downward and laterally, low and to the right
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During pregnancy, the appendix is displaced upward and laterally due to the enlarging uterus, making diagnosis more challenging.
The maternity nurse understands that vascular volume increases 40% to 45% during pregnancy to:
- A. compensate for decreased renal plasma flow.
- B. provide adequate perfusion of the placenta
- C. eliminate metabolic wastes of the mother.
- D. prevent maternal and fetal dehydration.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the increased vascular volume during pregnancy is essential to provide adequate perfusion of the placenta, ensuring proper nutrient and oxygen exchange between the mother and fetus. This is crucial for the optimal growth and development of the fetus.
A: The increased vascular volume during pregnancy does not compensate for decreased renal plasma flow but rather supports the increased metabolic demands of pregnancy.
C: The elimination of metabolic wastes of the mother is primarily carried out by the kidneys and liver, not solely through increased vascular volume.
D: Preventing maternal and fetal dehydration is more related to adequate fluid intake and retention, rather than the increase in vascular volume during pregnancy.
The ovaries are:
- A. Located in the male reproductive system
- B. A pair of small glands about the size and shape of almonds
- C. Long tubes connecting the vagina to the cervix
- D. Large elongated muscles found in the female bladder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ovaries are small, almond-shaped glands responsible for producing eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
Physiologic anemia often occurs during pregnancy as a result of:
- A. inadequate intake of iron
- B. dilution of hemoglobin concentration
- C. the fetus establishing iron stores
- D. decreased production of erythrocytes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physiologic anemia results from plasma volume expansion outpacing red blood cell production, diluting hemoglobin concentration.