Nokea
A woman is a carrier for hemophilia A, an X-linked recessive illness. Her husband has a normal genotype. The nurse can advise the couple that the probability that their daughter will have the disease is:
- A. 0% probability.
- B. 25% probability.
- C. 50% probability.
- D. 75% probability.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Daughters of carriers have a 50% chance of being carriers but will not express the disease unless the father also contributes the defective gene.
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A client's basal body temperature (BBT) chart for one full month is shown below. Based on the temperatures shown, what can the nurse conclude?
- A. It is likely that she has not ovulated.
- B. The client's fertile period is between 12 and 18 days.
- C. The client's period is abnormally long.
- D. It is likely that her progesterone levels rose on day 15.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A biphasic BBT pattern indicates ovulation, with rising temperatures reflecting progesterone elevation.
A client is to have a hysterosalpingogram. Which of the following information should the nurse provide the client prior to the procedure?
- A. The test will be performed through a small incision next to your belly button.
- B. You will be on bed rest for a full day following the procedure.
- C. An antibiotic fluid will be instilled through a tube in your cervix.
- D. You will be asked to move from side to side so that x-ray pictures can be taken.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Contrast dye is instilled through the cervix during a hysterosalpingogram.
A couple undergoing fertility treatments asks about the impact of age on success rates. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Success rates remain constant regardless of age.
- B. Younger age is associated with higher success rates for most treatments.
- C. Male age does not impact fertility treatment outcomes.
- D. Age only matters if the woman is over 50.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because younger age is generally associated with higher success rates in fertility treatments due to factors like better egg quality and ovarian reserve. Older women may have lower success rates due to decreased egg quality and quantity. Choice A is incorrect as success rates do vary with age. Choice C is incorrect because male age can impact fertility treatment outcomes. Choice D is incorrect as age can impact fertility treatment outcomes for women younger than 50 as well.
What is the primary role of progesterone in early pregnancy?
- A. To stimulate fetal development.
- B. To maintain the uterine lining for implantation and pregnancy.
- C. To trigger ovulation and release of the egg.
- D. To increase the production of amniotic fluid.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To maintain the uterine lining for implantation and pregnancy. Progesterone is crucial in early pregnancy as it helps in thickening and maintaining the uterine lining to support implantation of the fertilized egg and sustain the pregnancy. It also plays a role in suppressing the immune response to prevent rejection of the embryo.
A: To stimulate fetal development - Incorrect. Progesterone primarily focuses on preparing the uterus for pregnancy rather than directly stimulating fetal development.
C: To trigger ovulation and release of the egg - Incorrect. Progesterone is involved in the second half of the menstrual cycle after ovulation has occurred and is not responsible for triggering ovulation.
D: To increase the production of amniotic fluid - Incorrect. Progesterone does not directly impact the production of amniotic fluid, which is mainly regulated by the fetal kidneys and placenta.
What should the nurse emphasize when discussing healthy BMI and fertility with a patient?
- A. A healthy BMI has no impact on fertility outcomes.
- B. A BMI within the normal range supports hormonal balance and ovulation.
- C. BMI only matters during pregnancy, not before conception.
- D. Low BMI always improves fertility rates.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a BMI within the normal range is associated with improved hormonal balance and ovulation, which are crucial factors for fertility. This is supported by research showing that both underweight and overweight BMI can negatively impact fertility. Choice A is incorrect as BMI does impact fertility outcomes. Choice C is incorrect as BMI plays a role before conception as well. Choice D is incorrect as a low BMI can actually decrease fertility rates due to hormonal imbalances.