Nokea
A young adult female who is taking metronidazole (Flagyl) to treat trichomoniasis calls the nurse to report severe headache, flushing, palpitations, cramping, and nausea. What will the nurse do next?
- A. Ask about alcohol consumption
- B. Reassure her that these are harmless side effects
- C. Tell her that this signals a worsening of her infection
- D. Tell her to go to the emergency department immediately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metronidazole with alcohol causes a disulfiram-like reaction (symptoms listed); it's not infection worsening or harmless . Patients who are taking metronidazole can experience a disulfiram-like reaction when they drink alcohol.
You may also like to solve these questions
Drugs mostly cross biological membranes by
- A. Passive diffusion
- B. Active diffusion
- C. Active transport
- D. Carrier mediated transport
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most drugs cross membranes via passive diffusion based on concentration gradients.
Food in the gastrointestinal tract affects drug absorption by:
- A. Altering the pH of the colon, which decreases absorption
- B. Competing with the drug for plasma proteins
- C. Altering gastric emptying time
- D. Altering the pH of urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Food alters gastric emptying time, which can delay or enhance drug absorption depending on the drug's properties.
Acetyl salicylate & phenobarbitone are better absorbed from stomach because they are
- A. Weak acids remain non-ionic in gastric pH
- B. Weak acids remain ionic in gastric pH
- C. Strong acids fully ionized in gastric pH
- D. Weak bases which are ionized at gastric pH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weak acids like acetyl salicylate (aspirin) and phenobarbitone remain non-ionic in the acidic pH of the stomach, facilitating their absorption through passive diffusion across the gastric mucosa.
Immune globulin serums:
- A. Provide active immunity against infectious diseases
- B. Are contraindicated during pregnancy
- C. Are heated to above body temperature to kill most hepatitis, HIV, and other viruses such as parvovirus
- D. Are derived from pooled plasma of adults and contain specific antibodies in proportion to the donor population
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immune globulins are passive immunity from pooled plasma; they're not active , not contraindicated in pregnancy , and not heated .
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation. Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages?
- A. Increased renal secretion
- B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
- C. Liver failure
- D. Peripheral vascular disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Liver failure impairs metabolism, and concurrent use of medications metabolized by the same pathway can increase drug levels, both necessitating lower doses.