Nokea
Abnormal coloration of the urine (in the absence of haematuria) may be due to:
- A. Consumption of beetroot
- B. Treatment with co-danthramer
- C. Phenylketonuria
- D. Acute intermittent porphyria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beetroot can cause red urine. Co-danthramer, phenylketonuria, and porphyria can also cause abnormal urine color, but beetroot is a common cause.
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An older male client with long-standing lung disease is admitted to the medical unit for treatment of pulmonary infection. In assessing for signs of increasing hypoxia, which action should the nurse include? (select all that apply)
- A. Monitor dryness of mucous membranes
- B. Check for changes in mentation
- C. Observe color of skin and nailbeds
- D. Note appearance of jugular veins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changes in mentation, skin color, and breathing patterns are key indicators of hypoxia in clients with lung disease.
The most common site of osteosarcoma is:
- A. Femur
- B. Humerus
- C. Pelvis
- D. Skull
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Osteosarcoma most commonly occurs in the long bones, particularly the femur, near the growth plates in children and adolescents.
One of the following is a sign of right-sided heart failure of the patient
- A. tachypnea
- B. orthopnea
- C. wheezing
- D. pulmonary edema
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Right-sided heart failure typically presents with systemic signs like orthopnea and peripheral edema rather than pulmonary edema.
Adverse reactions to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) include the following EXCEPT
- A. hypotension
- B. hypokalemia
- C. maculopapular rash
- D. renal toxicity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACEIs can cause hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia.
Insulin-like growth factor-l (IGF-I):
- A. Increases during pubertal growth spurt
- B. Is a single polypeptide chain
- C. Is produced in pancreas
- D. Is secreted in a pulsatile manner
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IGF-I levels rise significantly during the pubertal growth spurt, contributing to rapid growth and development.