According the Maslow, the highest level of need is
- A. self-actualization
- B. self-esteem
- C. love and belonging
- D. safety and security
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Needs hierarchies are physiologic, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization.
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A nurse with a history of narcotic dependence is found unconscious in the hospital locker room after overdosing. The nurse is transferred to the inpatient chemical dependence unit for care. Which attitudes or behaviors by nursing staff may be enabling?
- A. Conveying understanding that pressures associated with nursing practice underlie substance use.
- B. Pointing out that work problems are the result, but not the cause, of substance dependence.
- C. Conveying empathy when the nurse discusses fears of disciplinary action by the state board of nursing.
- D. Providing health teaching about stress management.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because conveying understanding that pressures associated with nursing practice underlie substance use may enable the nurse's behavior by justifying or excusing the substance dependence. This attitude may inadvertently support the nurse's addiction by overlooking the need for accountability and treatment.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because:
B: Pointing out that work problems are the result, but not the cause, of substance dependence does not enable the behavior. It acknowledges the issue without excusing or enabling it.
C: Conveying empathy when the nurse discusses fears of disciplinary action by the state board of nursing is not enabling behavior. It shows support and understanding without condoning the substance misuse.
D: Providing health teaching about stress management is not enabling behavior. It focuses on addressing the underlying issues rather than enabling or excusing the substance dependence.
Self is an ongoing process that combines the 'I' and 'ME'. The 'ME' refers to
- A. None of these
- B. All of these are correct
- C. The image we have of how other people react to us
- D. The spontaneous force that fosters unpredictable behavior
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The 'ME' (Mead) is the social self, shaped by others' perceptions.
he theorist who believes that human have free will is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. B.F. Skinner
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carl Rogers' humanistic theory emphasizes free will and agency.
A patient prone to manic episodes is reevaluated and diagnosed with acute kidney injury. Which medication would the nurse anticipate holding? A. Xanax B. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) C. Nifedipine D. Lithium
- A. Xanax
- B. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
- C. Nifedipine
- D. Lithium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Lithium. In a patient prone to manic episodes with acute kidney injury, Lithium should be held due to its potential to worsen renal function. Xanax (A) is not typically contraindicated in acute kidney injury. Carbamazepine (B) may be used cautiously but does not have the same risk as Lithium. Nifedipine (C) is a calcium channel blocker and does not directly impact kidney function in the same way Lithium does.
The nurse is contributing to a teaching plan. What information should the nurse include that identifies the methods in which HIV can be transmitted? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Urine
- B. Sweat
- C. Saliva
- D. Semen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: HIV is primarily transmitted through body fluids containing high concentrations of the virus, such as semen.
Step 2: Semen contains a high viral load, making it a common mode of HIV transmission.
Step 3: Other body fluids like urine, sweat, and saliva do not typically contain high enough levels of the virus to transmit HIV.
Step 4: Therefore, option D (Semen) is correct as it aligns with the established modes of HIV transmission.
Summary: Urine, sweat, and saliva do not pose a significant risk for HIV transmission due to their low viral load. Semen, on the other hand, contains high concentrations of the virus, making it a primary mode of transmission.