basic geriatric nursing test bank

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According to Healthy People 2020, older adults have been identified as a priority, with a goal to improve their health, function, and quality of life. Identify the targeted chronic focus areas for improvement.

  • A. Diabetes
  • B. Arthritis
  • C. Congestive heart failure
  • D. Dementia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diabetes. Healthy People 2020 focuses on improving the health of older adults, and diabetes is a chronic condition prevalent in this population. It can significantly impact health, function, and quality of life if not managed properly. Diabetes can lead to complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and vision problems. By targeting diabetes, the goal is to prevent these complications and improve overall health outcomes for older adults.

Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Arthritis - While arthritis is common in older adults, it is not a targeted chronic focus area identified by Healthy People 2020 for this population.
C: Congestive heart failure - Although heart health is important, congestive heart failure is not specifically highlighted as a priority for improvement in older adults by Healthy People 2020.
D: Dementia - Dementia is a serious concern in the aging population, but it is not one of the targeted chronic focus areas identified by Healthy People 202

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The nurse provides opportunities for nursing home residents to read aloud to others. Which cognitive skill is this nursing intervention most likely to improve?

  • A. Verbal fluency
  • B. Logical analysis
  • C. Object naming
  • D. Visuospatial skills
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Verbal fluency is the correct answer because reading aloud improves language skills, vocabulary, and verbal expression. It requires cognitive processes like word retrieval, organization, and articulation. Logical analysis (B) is not directly related to reading aloud. Object naming (C) focuses on identifying objects visually, not verbally. Visuospatial skills (D) involve understanding and manipulating visual information, not verbal expression. Reading aloud specifically targets verbal fluency by enhancing communication abilities and language processing.

In geriatric nursing, which factor is most important in determining the effectiveness of rehabilitation after a stroke?

  • A. Age of the patient
  • B. Family support and involvement
  • C. Number of medications prescribed
  • D. Patient’s previous health conditions
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Family support and involvement. This is crucial in determining the effectiveness of rehabilitation after a stroke because a supportive and involved family can provide emotional support, encouragement, and assistance with activities of daily living. This positively impacts the patient's motivation, compliance with treatment, and overall well-being, leading to better rehabilitation outcomes.

A: Age of the patient - While age can be a factor in stroke recovery, it is not the most important factor as older patients can still make significant progress with proper rehabilitation and support.

C: Number of medications prescribed - While medication management is important in stroke recovery, it is not the most crucial factor for rehabilitation effectiveness.

D: Patient’s previous health conditions - While previous health conditions can impact stroke recovery, the level of family support and involvement plays a more significant role in determining the effectiveness of rehabilitation after a stroke.

The nurse is teaching an older client about measures to prevent constipation. What statement made by the client indicates further teaching is needed?

  • A. "I'll walk 1-2 miles everyday"
  • B. "I need to decrease fiber in my diet"
  • C. "I have a bowel movement everyday"
  • D. "I drink 6-8 glasses of water everyday"
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because decreasing fiber in the diet can actually worsen constipation. Fiber helps promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk to the stool. Walking and staying hydrated (choices A and D) are effective strategies to prevent constipation. Having a daily bowel movement (choice C) is a positive sign of bowel health. By choosing to decrease fiber intake, the client may inadvertently reduce the effectiveness of their bowel movements, leading to constipation.

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client. What assessment data would indicate a potential complication associated with the skin of this client?

  • A. Crusting
  • B. Wrinkling
  • C. Thinning/loss of elasticity of skin
  • D. Crusting
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crusting. In older adults, crusting on the skin can indicate a potential complication such as infection, dermatitis, or impaired wound healing. Crusting may result from dryness, scratching, or poor circulation. It is essential for the nurse to assess and address the underlying cause promptly to prevent further complications.

B: Wrinkling is a normal part of aging and not necessarily indicative of a complication unless it is severe and associated with other symptoms.

C: Thinning/loss of elasticity of skin is a common age-related change and may not always indicate a complication unless it is excessive.

D: Crusting is a duplicate answer.

The nurse is providing instructions to a nursing assistant regarding care of an older client with hearing loss. The nurse tells the assistant that clients with a hearing loss:

  • A. Respond to low pitched tones.
  • B. Have difficulty hearing any frequency of sound.
  • C. Need assistance with lip-reading only.
  • D. Respond to high-pitched tones more clearly.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because clients with hearing loss typically have difficulty hearing high-pitched tones, making it easier for them to respond to low-pitched tones. Low-pitched tones are easier for individuals with hearing loss to perceive due to the nature of hearing loss affecting the ability to hear higher frequencies. Choice B is incorrect as it is a generalization that does not consider the specific nature of hearing loss. Choice C is incorrect because individuals with hearing loss may require various forms of assistance beyond just lip-reading. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with hearing loss generally struggle more with high-pitched tones.

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