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According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, which of the following statements is correct?
- A. Cognitive function continues to become refined throughout life.
- B. A child’s greatest task is to make sense of the world around him or her.
- C. Culture plays a major role in cognitive development.
- D. Learning precedes development.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Piaget believed a child's greatest task is to make sense of the world, focusing on cognitive development as it pertains to the individual.
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A nurse has developed a family nursing diagnosis. Which of the following best describes the purpose of this action?
- A. Describes the strengths of the family
- B. Allows for creation of goals for the family
- C. Promotes behavioral change among family members
- D. Validates health problems with the family
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A family nursing diagnosis helps identify and validate the family’s health issues, forming the basis for the development of appropriate interventions and goals.
Sexuality in middle age: What should the nurse stress?
- A. "Contraception usage should be decreased as a woman nears menopause."
- B. "Difficulty with sexual performance among men happens near age 60."
- C. "HIV infection after age 50 is rare."
- D. "The majority of new HIV/AIDS cases occur among middle-age adults."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HIV/AIDS cases are prevalent in middle-age adults, making it important to emphasize safe sexual practices.
Which scenario places a toddler at risk for injury?
- A. Toddler playing with his preschool sibling’s toy
- B. Mop and a bucket of clean water in the kitchen
- C. Cup of hot coffee on the kitchen counter
- D. Twenty-five-pound toddler sitting in a forward-facing car seat in the back seat of a car
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hot coffee can cause burns and is a significant risk factor for toddler injury.
A 5-month-old boy was born at 6 pounds, 7 ounces. He is being seen in the office for a well-child visit. The nurse would expect him to weigh approximately:
- A. 10 pounds, 14 ounces
- B. 11 pounds, 7 ounces
- C. 12 pounds, 14 ounces
- D. 13 pounds, 7 ounces
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The child’s weight should be approximately double the birth weight at 5 months of age, which equals 12 pounds, 14 ounces.
A family has recently become homeless. Which of the following factors most likely contributed to this situation?
- A. Being from an ethnic minority background
- B. Declining rates of poverty
- C. Having multiple chronic illnesses
- D. Being unable to find affordable housing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The inability to find affordable housing, along with other factors like poverty and job loss, contributes to homelessness.