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After completing a course on pharmacology for nurses, what will the nurse know?
- A. Everything necessary for safe drug administration.
- B. General drug information; the nurse can consult a drug guide for specific drug information.
- C. The drug actions that are associated with each classification of medication.
- D. Current pharmacologic therapy; the nurse will not require ongoing education for 5 years.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pharmacology courses provide general drug information, teaching nurses to consult drug guides for specific details. This knowledge includes drug classifications, actions, side effects, and interactions. Nurses must continuously update their knowledge due to new drug developments, hence ongoing education is necessary. Choice A is incorrect as pharmacology education is comprehensive but doesn't cover all aspects of safe drug administration. Choice C is incorrect because it oversimplifies pharmacology knowledge to just drug actions. Choice D is incorrect as pharmacologic therapy constantly evolves, requiring ongoing education.
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A geriatric patient received a narcotic analgesic before leaving the post-anesthesia care unit to return to the regular unit. What is the priority nursing action for the nurse receiving the patient on the regular unit?
- A. Administer a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
- B. Put side rails up and place bed in the lowest position.
- C. Encourage fluids.
- D. Create a restful dark environment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Put side rails up and place bed in the lowest position. This is the priority nursing action as the geriatric patient who received a narcotic analgesic may experience drowsiness or confusion, increasing the risk of falls. By putting up the side rails and lowering the bed, the nurse is ensuring the patient's safety and preventing falls. Administering a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (choice A) is not the priority as the patient's safety should be addressed first. Encouraging fluids (choice C) and creating a restful dark environment (choice D) are important but not as crucial as ensuring the patient's immediate safety.
The emergency department nurse is administering IV lidocaine to patients. What adverse effect of lidocaine therapy should the nurse assess for?
- A. Tinnitus.
- B. Dizziness.
- C. Dysphagia.
- D. Excessive bruising.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dizziness. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can cause dizziness as an adverse effect due to its effect on the central nervous system. The nurse should assess for dizziness as it can impact the patient's safety and may indicate toxicity. Tinnitus (A) is a potential side effect of lidocaine, but it is less common than dizziness. Dysphagia (C) is not a typical adverse effect of lidocaine. Excessive bruising (D) is not associated with lidocaine therapy.
Vitamin D plays an important part in the absorption of calcium by the body. Where is vitamin D activated into a form that promotes calcium absorption?
- A. Small intestine.
- B. Vitamin D is not activated into another form.
- C. Kidneys.
- D. Large intestine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Kidneys. Vitamin D undergoes two hydroxylation steps for activation - first in the liver and then in the kidneys. The final active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, is produced in the kidneys. Calcitriol promotes the absorption of calcium in the intestines. The small intestine (Choice A) is where calcium is absorbed, but vitamin D is activated in the kidneys. Vitamin D does undergo activation into another form as mentioned above, so choice B is incorrect. The large intestine (Choice D) is primarily involved in water absorption, not vitamin D activation.
The nurse teaches the patient receiving propranolol (Inderal) at home for management of ventricular arrhythmias to monitor what parameter?
- A. Weekly pulse.
- B. Daily fluid intake.
- C. Daily blood pressure.
- D. Weekly weight.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Daily blood pressure. Monitoring daily blood pressure is crucial for a patient taking propranolol for ventricular arrhythmias as it helps assess the effectiveness of the medication in controlling the arrhythmias and ensuring the patient's safety. Changes in blood pressure can indicate potential side effects or worsening of the condition. Monitoring pulse alone (choice A) may not provide a comprehensive picture of the cardiac status. Daily fluid intake (choice B) and weekly weight (choice D) are not specific parameters for monitoring the effects of propranolol on ventricular arrhythmias.
What action does the nurse take during the intervention stage of the nursing process related to drug therapy? (Select all that apply)
- A. Analyze the data collected.
- B. Collect a nursing history.
- C. Determine medication effectiveness.
- D. Document the medication.
- E. Administer the medication.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: During the intervention stage of the nursing process related to drug therapy, the nurse's actions include determining medication effectiveness (C) to ensure the treatment is achieving its intended outcomes. Documenting the medication (D) is crucial for maintaining accurate records of administration and monitoring. Administering the medication (E) is essential for providing the prescribed treatment to the patient. Analyzing data (A) is typically done during the assessment phase, not the intervention phase. Collecting a nursing history (B) is part of the assessment phase. Other choices are not directly related to the intervention stage of drug therapy.