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After interviewing a patient about social supports, the nurse determines that the patient is experiencing emotional support from these social supports based on which statement?
- A. I?m glad I have someone that I can talk to.
- B. The person who cut my lawn was great!
- C. I received a small community grant for groceries.
- D. The senior center gave me a booklet about my medications.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The statement 'I?m glad I have someone that I can talk to' directly indicates emotional support through interpersonal connection. Lawn care, grants, and booklets reflect instrumental or informational support, not emotional.
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The nurse is preparing to care for a patient under severe stress resulting from caring for her elderly aunt diagnosed with leukemia. When assessing the patient?s psychological domain, which question would the nurse ask first?
- A. Let?s talk about what you have been feeling.
- B. Tell me about your depressed moods.
- C. How long have you been caring for your aunt?
- D. Are you feeling overwhelmed by caring for your aunt?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Starting with an open-ended question like 'Let?s talk about what you have been feeling' allows exploration of the patient?s psychological state broadly, establishing rapport. Specific questions about depression, duration, or feeling overwhelmed are more focused and better suited for later.
A nurse is reviewing the assessment findings of several patients. Which patient would the nurse identify as having a type D personality?
- A. A man who threatens the receptionist in the emergency department with bodily harm if a doctor does not see him right away
- B. A woman who sits quietly reading in a waiting room before seeing her doctor for her annual physical examination
- C. A quiet teen who drinks a six pack of beer against his better judgment because of peer pressure
- D. A man who reacts negatively to almost everything but never discusses his feelings with anyone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Type D personality is characterized by negative affectivity and social inhibition, as seen in the man who reacts negatively but suppresses feelings. Threatening behavior, quiet reading, or succumbing to peer pressure do not align with Type D traits.
A patient visits the clinic and tells the nurse about being under a great deal of stress on the job for the past month. Applying the factors that determine the stress response, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
- A. What effect is the stress having on your job performance?
- B. How would you describe the social network within your family?
- C. What is the specific event that you find most stressful?
- D. When did you first become aware of experiencing this stress?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Identifying the specific event causing stress helps pinpoint the stressor, a key factor in the stress response. Effects on performance, family social networks, or timing of stress awareness are secondary to understanding the stressor itself.
During an interview, a patient states, 'I feel so guilty, and I?m so ashamed of what I did.' The nurse interprets this as which of the following?
- A. Negative emotion
- B. Positive emotion
- C. Borderline emotion
- D. Nonemotion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guilt and shame are negative emotions, reflecting distress or self-criticism. Positive emotions involve joy or pride, borderline emotion is not a standard term, and nonemotion implies no emotional response, which does not apply.
A nurse is assessing a patient and uses the Recent Life Changes Questionnaire as part of the assessment. The nurse determines that the patient has experienced major life crisis with which score on the questionnaire?
- A. 150
- B. 250
- C. 350
- D. 450
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Recent Life Changes Questionnaire (based on the Holmes-Rahe Stress Scale) indicates a major life crisis with a score of 300 or higher, with 450 reflecting significant stress. Lower scores (150, 250) suggest moderate stress, and 350 is borderline but not definitive.