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After reporting abdominal pain, the patient has blood drawn for a CA-19-9. When he asks the nurses the purpose of this test, which response is appropriate?
- A. It tests for hepatobiliary cancer.
- B. It tests for colorectal cancer.
- C. It tests for bladder cancer.
- D. It tests for lung cancer.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The CA-19-9 is a tumor marker for tumors in the hepatobiliary system.
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The nurse instructs a patient who has been smoking for 5 years about the warning signs of cancer. The nurse tells him that one of cancer?s eight warning signals include which change?
- A. nagging cough or hoarseness.
- B. a sore that does not heal rapidly.
- C. gallbladder disease.
- D. hematopoietic changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cancer?s eight warning signals include nagging cough or hoarseness.
A patient, age 56, has been advised that his prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is elevated. Which test will be the next definitive diagnostic test?
- A. CA-125 test
- B. Transrectal ultrasound
- C. Needle biopsy of the prostate
- D. MRI
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Men over the age of 50 should be advised to have a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and rectal examination once a year. The transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is used in the early detection of prostate cancer.
Which is an appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing thrombocytopenia?
- A. Requesting an order for aspirin for discomfort
- B. Trimming toenails close
- C. Using an electric razor
- D. Vigorous tooth cleaning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient should be taught to use an electric shaver. Thrombocytopenia is a reduction in the number of circulating platelets, due to the depression of the bone marrow. When the platelet count is less than 20,000/mm3, spontaneous bleeding can occur.
A patient has developed stomatitis from chemotherapy. Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with this condition?
- A. Instruction in the following of a liquid diet
- B. Using a commercial mouthwash after each meal
- C. Cleaning teeth with a cotton swab dipped in hydrogen peroxide
- D. Using a soft toothbrush
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The use of a soft toothbrush to clean the teeth and rinsing with normal saline or soda will prevent added discomfort and bleeding.
Men over age 50 should consider an annual ___ test and rectal examination.
Correct Answer: PSA (prostate-specific antigen)
Rationale: Men over age 50 should consult with their health care provider to consider the benefits of having a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and rectal examination once a year.