Nokea
After teaching a group of nursing students about bile acids, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as true about bile?
- A. Bile is manufactured by the gallbladder
- B. Bile is stored in the liver
- C. Bile emulsifies fat and lipids
- D. Bile is secreted by the liver
- E. Bile is classified as a hormone
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Bile is manufactured and secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, it emulsifies fat and lipids, and these products pass through the intestine.
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After administering an antihyperlipidemic drug, the nurse continues to assess which of the following?
- A. Blood glucose
- B. Vital signs
- C. Assessment of bowel function
- D. Input and output
- E. Stool sample
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Clients on antihyperlipidemic medications should have vital signs checked and bowel function assessed because an adverse reaction to these drugs is constipation. Constipation may become serious if not treated early in the medication regimen.
The nurse discusses the benefit of adding a statin drug to a client's medication regimen based on the understanding that this group of drugs can reduce the risk of death from which of the following?
- A. Stroke
- B. Transient ischemic attack
- C. Kidney disease
- D. Hepatic disease
- E. Cancer
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The use of statins in clients with hyperlipidemia with or without clinically evident coronary heart disease can reduce the risk of death from stroke and transient ischemic attacks.
Which of the following would the nurse include in the client teaching about HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)?
- A. Photosensitivity can occur
- B. The drug should be continued even if the client feels better
- C. Muscle pain and weakness are normal
- D. Juices other than grapefruit juice are okay to use
- E. Statins should be administered in the evening
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: When teaching about statins, the nurse should include information about the possibility of photosensitivity, the need to continue the drug even if feeling better, juices other than grapefruit juice as appropriate, and administration in the evening. MusclePain and weakness should be reported to the client's physician as soon as they occur.
A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory test results after being on statin therapy for several months. Which of the following would the nurse interpret as indicating effectiveness of the drug?
- A. Total cholesterol 220 mg/dL
- B. LDL cholesterol 80 mg/dL
- C. HDL cholesterol 30 mg/dL
- D. LDL cholesterol 165 mg/dL
- E. HDL cholesterol 60 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Effectiveness of therapy would be indicated by values that are low or optimal. This would include a total cholesterol below 200 mg/dL, LDL less than 100 mg/dL, and HDL greater than 40 mg/dL.
A client with hyperlipidemia is prescribed ezetimibe. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform during treatment?
- A. Taking a dietary history of the client
- B. Inspecting skin and eyelids for evidence of xanthomas
- C. Obtaining reports of fasting blood sugar levels
- D. Frequently monitoring blood cholesterol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should frequently monitor blood cholesterol as part of the ongoing assessment for a client receiving ezetimibe. Taking a dietary history of the client and inspecting the skin and eyelids for evidence of xanthomas are the preadministration assessments that a nurse should perform for a client receiving ezetimibe. The nurse obtains the reports of fasting blood sugar for a client with diabetes.