Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions

Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Related

Review Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions related questions and content

Aling Iska, a 78-year old client consults with a hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of 11mg/dl and 32 % respectively. These finding indicates:

  • A. nothing because these are normal findings
  • B. the nurse should conduct a thorough nutritional assessment
  • C. understanding that the client should be advised to have the test repeated in three months
  • D. understanding that anemia is a part of the degeneration of the bone marrow
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Aling Iska's hemoglobin level of 11mg/dl and hematocrit level of 32% are both below the normal range for her age group. These low levels indicate anemia, which is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. Anemia can be caused by various factors, such as nutritional deficiencies (iron, vitamin B12, folate), chronic diseases, or bone marrow problems. In this case, given Aling Iska's advanced age of 78 years, it is essential for the nurse to conduct a thorough nutritional assessment to determine if her anemia is related to any deficiencies that can be addressed through dietary changes or supplementation. It is important to identify the underlying cause of anemia to provide appropriate interventions and prevent further complications.

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A 1-year-old with acute renal failure (ARF) is edematous with minimal urine output. Vital signs: HR 146, BP 176/92, RR 42; the child has nasal flaring and retractions. Despite oral Kayexalate, serum potassium continues to rise. Which treatment will most benefit the child?

  • A. Additional rectal Kayexalate.
  • B. Intravenous furosemide.
  • C. Endotracheal intubation and ventilatory assistance.
  • D. Placement of a Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When ARF deteriorates and electrolyte imbalances worsen, peritoneal dialysis (via a Tenckhoff catheter) is indicated.

A newborn is being discharged at age 48 hours. The parents ask how the newborn should be bathed this first week home. How should the nurse recommend to bathe the newborn?

  • A. Daily with mild soap
  • B. Daily with an alkaline soap
  • C. Two or three times this week with plain water
  • D. Two or three times this week with mild soap
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is recommended to bathe a newborn only a few times during the first week with plain water to avoid drying out the baby's delicate skin. Newborns do not need to be bathed daily, as excessive bathing can strip their skin of natural oils and lead to dryness or irritation. Plain water is gentle and sufficient for cleaning a newborn's skin without causing any harm. After the first week, parents can gradually introduce mild soap if needed for cleaning, but it is still not necessary to bathe the baby daily.

Which of the following should be included when developing a teaching plan to prevent urinary tract infection? Select all that apply.

  • A. Maintaining adequate fluid intake
  • B. Avoiding urination before and after intercourse
  • C. Emptying bladder with urination
  • D. Wearing underwear made of synthetic material such as nylon
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Maintaining adequate fluid intake: Adequate fluid intake helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infection.

The clue to need help by age of 24 months, if the child

  • A. speech is not understood by familiar listeners
  • B. speech is not understood by unfamiliar listeners
  • C. has not begun to ask questions (using where, what, why)
  • D. is not using short sentences (e.g., 'Daddy went bye-bye')
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: By 24 months, children should begin using short sentences.

A nurse is preparing to complete an admission assessment on a 2-year-old child. The child is sitting on the parent's lap. Which technique should the nurse implement to complete the physical exam?

  • A. Ask the parent to place the child in the hospital crib.
  • B. Take the child and parent to the exam room.
  • C. Perform the exam while the child is on the parent's lap.
  • D. Ask the child to stand by the parent while completing the exam.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate technique in this scenario would be to perform the exam while the child is on the parent's lap. This approach helps build trust and comfort for the child, as they are in a familiar and secure environment. It can also help the nurse assess the child's behavior and interactions with the parent during the exam, providing valuable information about the child's developmental stage and emotional well-being. Additionally, conducting the exam in this way can help reduce anxiety and fear that the child may experience in an unfamiliar setting like the hospital crib or exam room.

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