Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions

Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Related

Review Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions related questions and content

Mr. Garcia, a 41-year old chronic alcohol drinker is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood. He was diagnosed to have a bleeding gastric ulcer and suddenly develops sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen. This likely indicates:

  • A. development of intestinal
  • B. inflammation of the esophagus
  • C. perforation of the ulcer
  • D. development of additional ulcers
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen in a patient with a bleeding gastric ulcer, especially in the setting of chronic alcohol use, is indicative of a perforation of the ulcer. Perforation occurs when the ulcer penetrates through the wall of the stomach or duodenum, leading to the leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity. This results in peritonitis, causing severe abdominal pain and rigidity. Perforation of the ulcer is a surgical emergency requiring immediate intervention to repair the perforation, control the infection, and prevent further complications like sepsis. It is a life-threatening condition that necessitates prompt diagnosis and management.

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The first thing to do for a nurse when an accident occurs is to find out if patient is conscious so that she could:

  • A. Reassure the patient
  • B. Call relatives
  • C. Bring patient immediately to the hospital
  • D. Call a doctor
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The first thing a nurse should do when an accident occurs is to assess the patient's level of consciousness. This is important to determine the patient's immediate medical needs and to ensure the patient's safety. By checking if the patient is conscious, the nurse can assess the patient's alertness and responsiveness, which will help in providing appropriate care. Reassuring the patient is crucial to help calm them down and provide comfort in a stressful situation. Once the nurse has established the patient's level of consciousness, they can then proceed with necessary medical interventions such as contacting a doctor or bringing the patient to the hospital if needed.

A preterm newborn, after spending 8 weeks in the NICU, is being discharged. The parents of the newborn express apprehension and worry that the newborn may still be in danger. How should the nurse interpret these statements?

  • A. Normal
  • B. A reason to postpone discharge
  • C. Suggestive of maladaptation
  • D. Suggestive of inadequate bonding
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: It is normal for parents of preterm newborns who have spent time in the NICU to express apprehension and worry upon discharge. The NICU experience can be stressful and overwhelming for families, and it is common for parents to feel anxious about taking their newborn home. The nurse should provide support and education to help alleviate the parents' concerns and ensure a smooth transition from the hospital to home. It is important to acknowledge the parents' feelings, offer reassurance, and reinforce the importance of follow-up care and monitoring.

What is the risk of not treating congenital hypothyroidism within the first 3 months following birth?

  • A. To ensure normal growth
  • B. To prevent cognitive impairment
  • C. To prevent mental retardation
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition where a newborn baby is born with an underactive thyroid gland. If left untreated within the first 3 months following birth, it can lead to serious consequences such as stunted growth, cognitive impairment, and mental retardation.

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching about signs and symptoms of heart failure to parents of an infant with a repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Warm flushed extremities
  • B. Weight loss
  • C. Decreased urinary output
  • D. Sweating (inappropriate)
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: C. Decreased urinary output: This can be a sign of fluid retention, which is a common symptom of heart failure. Infants with heart failure may have decreased urine output as the body tries to retain fluid to help compensate for the heart's decreased ability to pump effectively.

Nurse Dennis provides health promotion to a group of male adults. He is correct when he states that clients with cirrhosis should include which measure to adhere to a home?

  • A. supplemet with daily multivitamins
  • B. take sleeping pills at home
  • C. limit daily alcohol intake
  • D. limit contact at all times
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Clients with cirrhosis, which is a serious liver condition, should avoid or limit their alcohol intake. Alcohol can worsen liver damage and lead to further complications such as liver failure. Nurse Dennis is correct in advising clients with cirrhosis to adhere to this measure in order to promote their health and reduce the progression of the disease. Taking daily multivitamins can be beneficial for some individuals, but limiting alcohol intake is crucial for those with cirrhosis. Taking sleeping pills at home without medical supervision can also be dangerous, as it may interact with other medications and worsen liver function. Limiting contact at all times is not relevant to managing cirrhosis.

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