Nokea
All are pro drugs except
- A. Sulindac
- B. Codeine
- C. Talampicillin
- D. Chlorpromazine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chlorpromazine is active as is; others are prodrugs.
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Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a client with erectile dysfunction. A nurse reviews the client's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the following is noted in the client's history?
- A. Neuralgia
- B. Insomnia
- C. Use of nitroglycerin
- D. Use of multivitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sildenafil (Viagra) enhances the vasodilating effect of nitric oxide in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, thus sustaining an erection. Because of the effect of the medication, it is contraindicated with concurrent use of organic nitrates and nitroglycerin. Sildenafil is not contraindicated with the use of vitamins. Neuralgia and insomnia are side effects of the medication.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for Bethanechol to treat urinary retention. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings is a manifestation of muscarinic stimulation?
- A. Dry mouth
- B. Hypertension
- C. Excessive perspiration
- D. Fecal impaction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bethanechol stimulates muscarinic receptors, causing excessive perspiration , not dry mouth.
Prescribing less-expensive generic drugs or drugs off the 4 retail pharmacy lists:
- A. Increases the complexity of the pharmacoeconomics of prescribing for the individual patient
- B. Increases compliance by reducing the financial burden of drug costs to the patient
- C. Is not sound prescribing practice due to the inferiority of the generic products
- D. Will increase the overall cost of drugs to the system due to the ease of overprescribing less-expensive drugs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Generic drugs improve adherence by lowering patient costs.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding ligand-gated ion channels?
- A. React quickly to a stimulus or ligand
- B. Can have intracellular binding sites
- C. Can exhibit allosteric binding
- D. Open or close in response to deformations in the cell membrane
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ligand-gated channels respond to ligands, not mechanical deformation (which is typical of mechanosensitive channels).
Adverse event of alfa glucosidase inhibitors is:
- A. Disorder of intestine function
- B. Weight gain
- C. Acidosis
- D. Allergy reactions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like acarbose cause intestinal issues (e.g., flatulence) due to undigested carbohydrates.