Nokea
All are true except
- A. Acidic drugs bind to albumin & basic to acid glucoprotein
- B. All drugs have the same binding sites and mev compete for them
- C. Increased dosage will cause decrease in free drug in plasma throughout the therapeutic range
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acidic drugs bind albumin, basic drugs bind alpha-1-acid glycoprotein; binding sites differ, and increased dosage increases free drug levels.
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A nurse is teaching a client who has Angina Pectoris and is learning how to treat acute Anginal attacks. The clients asks, What is my next step if I take one tablet, wait 5 minutes, but still have Anginal pain? Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Take two more sublingual tablets at the same time.
- B. Call the emergency response team.
- C. Take a sustained-release nitroglycerin capsule.
- D. Wait another 5 minutes then take a second sublingual tablet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If pain persists after one dose, call emergency services ; protocol is up to 3 doses 5 minutes apart.
A nursing instructor is observing a nursing student prepare an oral drug for administration. The instructor determines that the student is performing the procedure correctly when the student compares the label of the drug with the MAR how many times?
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The proper procedure is to compare the drug label with the MAR three times: when the drug is taken from its storage area, immediately before removing the drug from the container, and before administering the drug to the patient.
During which phase of pharmacokinetics could a significant drug-drug interaction occur, resulting in one drug stimulating or blocking the metabolism of the other drug?
- A. Absorption
- B. Distribution
- C. Biotransformation
- D. Excretion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During biotransformation, a drug may be metabolized quicker if taken at the same time as another drug, and higher doses of the drug will be needed to achieve the desired effect. During absorption, one drug can prevent or accelerate absorption of the other drug. During distribution, one drug competes for the protein-binding site of another drug so the second drug cannot be transported to the reactive tissue. During excretion, one drug competes for excretion with the other drug, leading to accumulation and toxic effects of one of the drugs.
Which person should be treated with prophylactic antitubercular medication?
- A. A child who attends the same school with a child who has tuberculosis
- B. A nurse who is working in a hospital
- C. An individual who is HIV-positive with a negative TB skin test
- D. A patient who has close contact with someone who has tuberculosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Close contact with TB warrants prophylaxis; school , hospital work , or HIV without exposure don't. Personal contact with a person having a diagnosis of tuberculosis is required to indicate prophylactic treatment with antitubercular therapy.
Once phosphorylated, the intracellular segment of a receptor tyrosine kinase
- A. Activates adenylate cyclase
- B. Causes dissociation of the ligand from an allosteric binding site
- C. Terminates intracellular signaling cascades
- D. Allows docking of intracellular proteins involved in signal transduction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phosphorylation enables docking of signaling proteins, initiating transduction cascades.