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All of the following are characteristics of the Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) except:
- A. Comprehensive in scope of care
- B. Guarantees safety at home
- C. Patient needs come first
- D. Providers work together
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Guarantees safety at home. PCMH focuses on providing patient-centered, comprehensive, coordinated care with an emphasis on patient needs and involving a team of healthcare providers. Safety at home is not a direct characteristic of PCMH. Other choices (A, C, D) align with the core principles of PCMH - comprehensive care, patient-centered approach, and collaborative teamwork among providers.
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What is the learning process aimed at improving health status through changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices?
- A. Motivating
- B. Counseling
- C. Disease prevention
- D. Health education
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Health education. This learning process focuses on improving health through knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Health education aims to empower individuals to make informed decisions for their well-being. Motivating (A) is about encouraging action, counseling (B) involves providing guidance and support, and disease prevention (C) targets specific strategies to reduce the risk of illnesses. In this context, health education encompasses a broader approach to promoting overall health and wellness.
The public health RN is working with a client who desires to quit smoking. The client says to the RN, 'I want to quit but I just don't think I have it in me to really make it happen.' According to the Health Belief Model, this response relates to which factor:
- A. Susceptibility
- B. Self-efficacy
- C. Severity
- D. Cue to action
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Self-efficacy. Self-efficacy in the Health Belief Model refers to an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform a behavior, such as quitting smoking. In this scenario, the client expressing doubt in their ability to quit indicates a lack of self-efficacy. This belief can greatly impact their motivation and likelihood of success in behavior change.
Summary:
A: Susceptibility relates to the individual's belief in their vulnerability to a health condition, not their confidence in behavior change.
C: Severity pertains to the individual's perception of the seriousness of the health condition, not their belief in their ability to make a change.
D: Cue to action refers to external stimuli triggering behavior change, not the individual's confidence in their ability to perform the behavior.
Which term refers to the personal characteristics and risks of a group within a community?
- A. Aggregate of people
- B. Location in space and time
- C. Social system
- D. Census tract
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Aggregate of people. The term refers to the personal characteristics and risks of a group within a community because an aggregate refers to a collection of individuals sharing common features or characteristics. In this context, it implies that the group's personal characteristics and risks are being viewed as a whole.
Why the other choices are incorrect:
- B: Location in space and time: This refers to the physical positioning of a group within a specific geographical area during a particular period, not focusing on personal characteristics and risks.
- C: Social system: This term refers to the interconnected parts of a society, such as institutions and relationships, rather than specific personal characteristics and risks.
- D: Census tract: This term refers to a geographic area defined for the purpose of taking a census, not specifically addressing personal characteristics and risks of a group within a community.
As an important tool for planning a community health survey was conducted, the first tangible outcome of collaboration and teamwork with the Local Health Department and its Rural Health Units (RHUs) was observed. This later led to case findings activities via collection and examination of stools from children for suspected parasitism. Which of the following community nursing diagnoses will guide the Parish Health Team for concrete action?
- A. Parasitism as a foreseeable crisis
- B. Malnutrition as a health deficit
- C. Parasitism as a health deficit
- D. Parasitism as a health threat
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Parasitism as a health threat. This diagnosis guides the Parish Health Team to take concrete action because parasitism poses a direct risk to the community's health. By identifying parasitism as a health threat, the team can prioritize interventions to prevent and control the spread of parasites, ensuring the well-being of the population.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect:
A: Parasitism as a foreseeable crisis - This choice does not provide a clear direction for action and lacks a sense of urgency compared to a health threat.
B: Malnutrition as a health deficit - While malnutrition is a significant issue, the question specifically mentions suspected parasitism as the focus of case findings activities.
C: Parasitism as a health deficit - This choice does not emphasize the immediate danger posed by parasitism, unlike the concept of a health threat.
A nurse who works on the surgical unit at the local hospital was asked by the home health unit to make a home visit to a patient who had been discharged the previous day and to give follow-up care (for overload pay). What kind of nursing would this nurse be doing?
- A. Acute care hospital nursing
- B. Community-based nursing
- C. Community health nursing
- D. Public health nursing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Community-based nursing. In this scenario, the nurse is providing follow-up care to a patient at home, which falls under community-based nursing. This type of nursing focuses on providing care outside of the hospital setting, in the community where the patient resides. It involves assessing the patient's home environment, educating the patient and family, and promoting health and wellness in the community.
Incorrect choices:
A: Acute care hospital nursing - This choice is incorrect because the nurse is not providing care in the hospital setting but rather in the patient's home.
C: Community health nursing - While similar to community-based nursing, community health nursing typically involves broader population-based health promotion and disease prevention efforts rather than individual patient care.
D: Public health nursing - Public health nursing focuses on promoting health at the population level through programs and policies, not individual patient care in the home setting.