Nokea
All of the following are features of congenital hypothyroidism except
- A. More common in boys than girls
- B. Neonatal jaundice
- C. Macrocytic anemia
- D. Hearing loss
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Congenital hypothyroidism is more common in girls than boys.
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What are the four structural heart anomalies that make up the tetralogy of Fallot? (Select the four that apply.)
- A. Hypertrophied right ventricle
- B. Patent ductus arteriosus
- C. Ventral septal defect
- D. Narrowing of pulmonary artery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The four anomalies that comprise tetralogy of Fallot are hypertrophied right ventricle, patent ductus arteriosus, stenosis of pulmonary artery, and dextroposition of the aorta.
A child diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF) is receiving maintenance doses of digoxin and furosemide. She is rubbing her eyes when looking at the lights in the room, and her HR is 70 beats per minute. The nurse expects which laboratory finding?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hypomagnesemia
- C. Hypocalcemia
- D. Hypophosphatemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child's eye rubbing may indicate seeing halos (a sign of digoxin toxicity), and the slow HR supports this. Furosemide can cause hypokalemia, increasing the risk for digoxin toxicity.
A characteristic sign of hypercalcaemia is:
- A. Trousseau's sign
- B. Chvostek's sign
- C. Homan's sign
- D. Kussmaul's sign
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trousseau's sign, which involves muscle spasms when a blood pressure cuff is inflated, is a common indicator of hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia.
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is admitted to the hospital for uncontrolled DM. Insulin therapy is initiated with an initial dose of Humulin N insulin at 0800. At 1600, the client complains of diaphoresis, rapid heartbeat, and feeling shaky. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Determine the client's current glucose level
- B. Administer 10 units of fast-acting insulin.
- C. Offer the client a snack with high protein.
- D. Increase the IV infusion rate of normal saline.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms suggest hypoglycemia. Checking the glucose level confirms the diagnosis and guides appropriate treatment.
When providing care for a client following bronchoscopy, which assessment finding should the nurse immediately report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Slight blood-tinged sputum
- B. Dyspnea and dysphagia
- C. Sore throat and hoarseness
- D. No gag reflex after thirty minutes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absence of a gag reflex after bronchoscopy may indicate nerve damage or complications requiring immediate intervention.