Nokea
all the following are true about seizures disorders except :
- A. involve involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation
- B. less than one third of seizures in children caused by epilepsy
- C. febrile seizure usually occur late in the course of high fever
- D. all the above are correct 120
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A febrile seizure is a convulsion in a young child triggered by a spike in body temperature, often from an infection. Febrile seizures typically occur early in the course of a high fever in children between the ages of 6 months to 5 years old. They are usually brief, lasting for less than five minutes. In about one-third of cases, febrile seizures may occur before the fever is noted by a caregiver. Therefore, the statement that febrile seizures usually occur late in the course of high fever is incorrect.
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Regarding speech production, the routine use of sentence sequences; conversational give and-take is usually achieved by age of
- A. 3 yr
- B. 4 yr
- C. 5 yr
- D. 6 yr
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Children typically develop the ability to use sentence sequences and engage in conversational give-and-take by age 5.
Hindbrain herniation or the Chiari type II malformation is seen in which percent of individuals with myelomeningocele
- A. 10-20%
- B. 20-30%
- C. 40-50%
- D. 80-90%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chiari type II malformation is strongly associated with myelomeningocele, occurring in approximately 80-90% of cases due to abnormal cerebellar development and cranial settling.
A nurse explains to a child's parents that the role of methotrexate (Rheumatrex®) in treating children with juvenile arthritis is to:
- A. decrease the inflammatory response.
- B. improve functional ability.
- C. control the febrile response.
- D. minimize the effects of uveitis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methotrexate, which is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), is commonly used to treat juvenile arthritis by decreasing the inflammatory response in the joints. By suppressing the overactive immune response that causes inflammation in the joints, methotrexate helps reduce pain, swelling, and stiffness in children with juvenile arthritis. This ultimately helps to improve joint function and prevent joint damage. While methotrexate may indirectly contribute to improving functional ability and controlling febrile responses in some cases, its primary mechanism of action is to target and reduce inflammation in juvenile arthritis. The medication may also help in managing associated conditions like uveitis, but its main role lies in decreasing the inflammatory response in arthritis.
What are the essential nursing actions that should be taken for a client with immune system disorder? Choose all that apply
- A. Follow agency guidelines to control
- B. Review drug references
- C. Advise the client on modifying the
- D. Monitor client for depression home environment
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Clients with immune system disorders may receive treatments such as immunoglobulin therapy or biologic agents through infusions. It is essential for the nurse to monitor the client for infusion reactions, which can include symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, and allergic reactions. Early recognition of infusion reactions is crucial for prompt intervention to prevent complications and ensure the client's safety. By closely monitoring the client during and after the infusion, the nurse can detect and address any adverse reactions promptly.
A client comes to the clinic complaining of weight loss, fatigue, and a low-grade fever. Physical examination reveals a slight enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes. To assess possible causes for the fever, it would be most appropriate for the nurse to initially ask: a."Have you bee sexually active lately?" b, "Do you have a sore throat at the present time?"
- A. "Have you been exposed recently to anyone with an infection?"
- B. "When did you first notice that your temperature had gone up?"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When assessing a client with symptoms of weight loss, fatigue, low-grade fever, and lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes), it is important to investigate potential causes of infection. In this scenario, considering the client's symptoms and signs, asking if they have been exposed recently to anyone with an infection helps in determining the possibility of an infectious etiology for their symptoms. This question can provide valuable information to guide further assessment and diagnostic evaluation.