Nokea
All the following induce hepatic enzymes except
- A. Rifampicin
- B. Phenytoin
- C. Barbiturates
- D. Tolbutamide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tolbutamide does not significantly induce enzymes; others do.
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Food can alter the pH of the stomach, leading to:
- A. Enhanced drug metabolism
- B. Altered vitamin K absorption
- C. Increased vitamin D absorption
- D. Altered drug bioavailability
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Changes in stomach pH due to food can affect drug dissolution and absorption, altering bioavailability.
A non-competitive antagonist :
- A. Alters the mechanism of action of an agonist
- B. Alters the potency of an agonist
- C. Shifts the dose-response curve of an agonist to the right
- D. Decreases the maximum response to an agonist
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Non-competitive antagonists reduce the maximal response (efficacy), not potency, distinguishing them from competitive antagonists.
Which of the following diagnostic studies would NOT indicate a problem related to a reductase inhibitor?
- A. Elevated serum transaminase
- B. Increased serum creatinine
- C. Elevated creatinine kinase
- D. Increased white blood cell counts
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: WBC elevation is unrelated to reductase inhibitors; others indicate liver, kidney, or muscle issues.
Thirty-two units of Humulin insulin is ordered for the patient. The insulin is supplied in a multidose vial that is labeled 100 units/mL. How much insulin would be needed to treat this patient?
- A. 0.032 cc
- B. 0.32 cc
- C. 3.2 cc
- D. 32 cc
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A cc is equivalent to an mL. There are 100 units in each cc. Divide that amount by 32 units for the answer (0.32 cc).
It is reasonable to recommend supplementation with in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
- A. Omega-3 fatty acids
- B. Probiotics
- C. Plant sterols
- D. Calcium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Plant sterols reduce LDL cholesterol by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption.