Nokea
Education of women who are being treated with ophthalmic antibiotics for conjunctivitis includes:
- A. Throwing away eye makeup and purchasing new
- B. Redness and intense burning is normal with ophthalmic antibiotics
- C. When applying eye ointment, set the tip of the tube on the lower lid and squeeze in 1/4 inch
- D. Use a cotton swab to apply ointment, spreading the ointment all over the lid and in the conjunctival sac
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Discarding makeup prevents reinfection; burning isn't normal, and application is incorrect.
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Warfarin resistance may be seen in patients with VCORC1 mutation, leading to:
- A. Toxic levels of warfarin building up
- B. Decreased response to warfarin
- C. Increased risk for significant drug interactions with warfarin
- D. Less risk of drug interactions with warfarin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: VCORC1 mutations reduce warfarin's anticoagulant effect , requiring higher doses, not toxicity or interaction changes .
Information technology can be a time-saving device in a busy practice if it is used wisely. One way to make it a help rather than a hindrance is to:
- A. Prioritize what is needed information and spond spending time reading 'interesting' information not central to the problem at hand
- B. Integrate professional and personal searching so that the same browser does not need to be accessed repeatedly
- C. Check e-mail frequently so that patient questions can be addressed promptly
- D. Check for viruses, spyware, and malware
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prioritizing relevant information saves time in a busy practice.
A 66-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with confusion, nausea, and blurred vision. He is currently on digoxin for the treatment of heart failure. On physical exam, his heart rate is 120 bpm. Further evaluation reveals a digoxin level of 5.3 ng/mL (normal range: 0.5-2 ng/mL). The doctor believes his symptoms are due to digoxin toxicity. Which parameter is used to indicate the ability of digoxin to produce the desired effect relative to a toxic effect?
- A. Bioavailability
- B. Efficacy
- C. Intrinsic activity
- D. Therapeutic index
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Therapeutic index (TI) measures the relative safety of a drug by comparing the dose required for a therapeutic effect to the dose that produces toxicity. In this case, digoxin toxicity is indicated by the elevated level, and TI is the relevant parameter.
A 32-year-old female is dehydrated after running a marathon in hot and humid weather. She requires an IV fluid to increase the blood volume and rehydrate the cells. Which one of the following IV fluids would be appropriate for her condition?
- A. Hypertonic crystalloid solution
- B. Isotonic crystalloid solution
- C. Packed red blood cells
- D. Hypotonic crystalloid solution
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isotonic solutions (e.g., normal saline) restore volume and hydration without shifting fluids excessively.
The client with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is receiving bleomycin intravenously. The nurse caring for the client anticipates that which diagnostic study will be prescribed?
- A. Echocardiography
- B. Electrocardiography
- C. Cervical radiography
- D. Pulmonary function studies
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bleomycin is an antineoplastic medication (Chemotherapeutic Agents) that can cause interstitial pneumonitis, which can progress to pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary function studies along with hematological, hepatic, and renal function tests need to be monitored. The nurse needs to monitor lung sounds for dyspnea and crackles, which indicate pulmonary toxicity. The medication needs to be discontinued immediately if pulmonary toxicity occurs. Options 1, 2, and 3 are unrelated to the specific use of this medication.