Nokea
Amiodarone has been prescribed in a patient with a supraventricular dysrhythmia. Patient teaching should include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A. Notify your health-care provider immediately if you have visual change.
- B. Monitor your own blood pressure and pulse daily.
- C. Take a hot shower or bath if you feel dizzy.
- D. Use a sunscreen on exposed body surfaces.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hot showers can worsen amiodarone-induced hypotension, not help it.
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The following drug may be used to relieve bladder spasm after urologic surgery:
- A. Atropine
- B. Dicyclomine
- C. Glycopyrrolate
- D. Oxybutynin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin, an antimuscarinic, reduces bladder spasms.
Drugs do not metabolize the same way in all people. For what patient would a nurse expect to assess for an alteration in drug metabolism?
- A. A 35-year-old woman with cervical cancer
- B. A 41-year-old man with kidney stones
- C. A 50-year-old man with cirrhosis of the liver
- D. A 62-year-old woman in acute renal failure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The liver is the most important site of drug metabolism. If the liver is not functioning effectively, as in patients with cirrhosis, drugs will not metabolize normally so that toxic levels could develop unless dosage is reduced. A patient with cervical cancer or kidney stones would not be expected to have altered ability to metabolize drugs so long as no liver damage existed. The patient with renal failure would have altered excretion of the drugs through the renal system but metabolism would not be impacted.
A 70-year-old patient has just received a drug, which can cause sedation. What would be the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
- A. Noncompliance: Cost of the drug
- B. Deficient knowledge: Unfamiliar with drug therapy
- C. Risk for injury: Related to adverse effects of the drug
- D. Ineffective health maintenance: Need for medication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sedation increases the risk of falls or injury, making 'Risk for injury' the priority nursing diagnosis for a 70-year-old patient, given age-related vulnerabilities.
Which of the following regarding E max is correct?
- A. E max assumes that as long as you increase the concentration of the drug, there will be a higher effect of the drug
- B. E max is used to compare the potency of different drugs
- C. E max assumes that all receptors are occupied by the drug and no increase in response is observed if a higher concentration of drug is obtained
- D. All of the previous points are incorrect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Emax is the maximal effect when all receptors are occupied; further dose increases yield no additional effect.
Pernicious anemia is treated with:
- A. Folic acid supplements
- B. Thiamine supplements
- C. Vitamin B12
- D. Iron
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pernicious anemia requires B12 due to absorption defect; folate masks it without fixing neuropathy.