Nokea
An abnormality of which of the following structures of the cerebrum would be associated with schizophrenia?
- A. Parietal lobes
- B. Frontal lobe
- C. Occipital lobe
- D. Temporal lobes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abnormalities in the frontal lobes are associated with schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and dementia. The parietal lobes interpret sensations of taste and touch and assist in spatial orientation. The temporal lobes are centers for the senses of smell and hearing and for memory and emotional expression. The occipital lobe assists in coordinating language generation and visual interpretation, such as depth perception.
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A patient is seen for frequent exacerbation of schizophrenia due to nonadherence to medication regimen. The nurse should assess for which of the following common contributors to nonadherence?
- A. The patient is symptom-free and therefore does not need to adhere to the medication regimen.
- B. The patient cannot clearly see the instructions written on the prescription bottle.
- C. The patient dislikes the weight gain associated with antipsychotic therapy.
- D. The patient sells the antipsychotics to addicts in the neighborhood.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight gain is a common side effect of antipsychotics and a frequent reason for nonadherence, as patients may struggle with body image and health concerns.
A client with bipolar disorder has been taking lithium, and today his serum blood level is 1.8 mEq/L. The client reports nausea. Which of the following interventions by the nurse is indicated?
- A. Constipation and postural hypotension
- B. Fever, muscle rigidity
- C. Nausea
- D. None, the serum level is in therapeutic range
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A lithium level of 1.8 mEq/L is above the therapeutic range (0.5-1.5 mEq/L) and indicates potential toxicity, with nausea being a common symptom. The nurse should notify the physician for further evaluation.
Which of the following is a term used to describe the occurrence of the eye rolling back in a locked position, which occurs with acute dystonia?
- A. Opisthotonus
- B. Oculogyric crisis
- C. Torticollis
- D. Pseudoparkinsonism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oculogyric crisis is the term for the eye rolling back in a locked position, a manifestation of acute dystonia.
A nurse is leading a medication education group for patients with depression. A patient states he has read that herbal treatments are just as effective as prescription medications. The best response is,
- A. When studies are published they can be trusted to be accurate.
- B. We need to look at the research very closely to see how reliable the studies are.
- C. Your prescribed medication is the best for your condition, so you should not read those studies.
- D. Switching medications will alter the course of your illness. It is not advised.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Often, reports in the media regarding new research and studies are confusing, contradictory, or difficult for clients and their families to understand. The nurse must ensure that clients and families are well informed about progress in these areas and must help them to distinguish between facts and hypotheses.
A client has a lithium level of 1.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions by the nurse is indicated?
- A. Call the physician for an increase in dosage.
- B. Do not give the next dose, and call the physician.
- C. Increase fluid intake for the next week.
- D. No intervention is necessary at this time.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A lithium level of 1.2 mEq/L is within the therapeutic range (0.5-1.5 mEq/L), so no intervention is necessary.