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An adolescent patient, who has pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), inquires about the effects of the disease on their ability to bear children. What is the pediatric nurse's best response?
- A. The occurrence of spontaneous abortion during pregnancy increases with PID.
- B. There is an increased risk for ectopic pregnancy or infertility.
- C. There is an increased risk of placenta previa.
- D. There should be no problems with your ability to conceive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PID can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy or infertility.
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The nurse is providing breast cancer education at a community facility. The American Cancer Society recommends that women get with mammograms:
- A. Yearly after age 40
- B. After the birth of the first child and every 2 years thereafter
- C. After the first menstrual period and annually thereafter
- D. Every 3 years between ages 20 and 40 and annually thereafter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The American Cancer Society recommends that women get yearly mammograms starting at age 40. This is because regular mammograms are the best way to detect breast cancer early when it's most treatable. Women at an average risk of breast cancer are advised to undergo yearly mammograms starting at age 40. Early detection through regular screening can help improve the chances of successful treatment and increase survival rates. It's important to follow these guidelines to ensure early detection and timely treatment of breast cancer.
What causes tinea capitis (ringworm)?
- A. Virus
- B. Fungus
- C. Allergic reaction
- D. Bacterial infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is a fungal infection caused by various dermatophyte fungi, primarily Trichophyton and Microsporum species. These fungi thrive on dead tissues, including hair, skin, and nails, and can lead to symptoms like red, scaly patches on the scalp, hair loss, and itching. The infection is contagious and can spread through direct contact with an infected person, animals, or contaminated objects. Proper diagnosis and treatment with antifungal medications are essential to manage tinea capitis effectively.
A healthy 20-day-old male examination reveals a palpable liver margin below the right costal margin; lab findings: white blood count, 18700/mm3; hemoglobin, 8.8 g/dl; blast cells, 10%; the BEST approach for the management is consistent with acute myeloproliferative disorder
- A. intensive chemotherapy
- B. low dose chemotherapy pulses
- C. bone marrow transplantation
- D. close follow up
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intensive chemotherapy is the standard approach for managing acute myeloproliferative disorders.
A spica cast was put on Baby Betty after an unfortunate incident to immobilize her hips and thighs; which of the following is the priority nursing action immediately after application?
- A. Keep the cast dry and clean.
- B. Cover the perineal area.
- C. Elevate the cast.
- D. Perform neurovascular checks.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Performing neurovascular checks is the priority nursing action immediately after applying a spica cast on Baby Betty. A spica cast is used to immobilize the hips and thighs, which can affect circulation and nerve function in the lower extremities. Neurovascular checks involve assessing the circulation, sensation, and movement of the affected limb to ensure there are no signs of impaired circulation or nerve damage. It is crucial to monitor for any signs of compartment syndrome, such as pain, numbness, tingling, or decreased pulse, which could indicate a vascular compromise. Timely identification of any neurovascular compromise is essential to prevent complications and ensure the baby's safety and well-being.
Which factor most impacts the type of injury a child is susceptible to, according to the child's age?
- A. Physical health of the child
- B. Developmental level of the child
- C. Educational level of the child
- D. Number of responsible adults in the home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The developmental level of the child most impacts the type of injury they are susceptible to based on their age. As children grow and develop, their physical abilities, cognitive skills, and understanding of the environment change. Younger children may be more susceptible to injuries related to exploration and lack of awareness of dangerous situations, while older children may be more prone to injuries during physical activities or sports. Understanding the developmental stage of a child is crucial in assessing potential risks and implementing appropriate safety measures to prevent injuries.