Nokea
An adult is on a clear liquid diet. Which food item can be offered/
- A. Milk
- B. Orange juice
- C. Jello
- D. Ice cream
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When an adult is on a clear liquid diet, foods that are easy to digest and leave little residue in the gastrointestinal tract are recommended. Clear liquids include water, broth, fruit juices without pulp, and gelatin desserts like Jello. Jello is a good option because it is easily digestible, does not leave residue, and provides some calories and hydration. Milk, orange juice, and ice cream should be avoided on a clear liquid diet as they are not considered clear liquids and may not be as easily digestible.
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Which factor most impacts the type of injury a child is susceptible to, according to the child's age?
- A. Physical health of the child
- B. Developmental level of the child
- C. Educational level of the child
- D. Number of responsible adults in the home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The developmental level of the child most impacts the type of injury they are susceptible to based on their age. As children grow and develop, their physical abilities, cognitive skills, and understanding of the environment change. Younger children may be more susceptible to injuries related to exploration and lack of awareness of dangerous situations, while older children may be more prone to injuries during physical activities or sports. Understanding the developmental stage of a child is crucial in assessing potential risks and implementing appropriate safety measures to prevent injuries.
When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for:
- A. Dry skin
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Confusion
- D. Pale coloring
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood. When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for signs of neurologic impairment, such as confusion. This is because hypernatremia can lead to changes in mental status due to the hyperosmolarity of the blood affecting brain function. Assessing for confusion is crucial in identifying and managing hypernatremia promptly to prevent further complications. Dry skin, tachycardia, and pale coloring are not specific manifestations of hypernatremia and are less likely to be directly related to this electrolyte imbalance.
During the routine exam of an infant the parents state a 5th degree family history of adenomatous polyposis. The statement that should be included during the discussion is the infant is at increased risk of colonic adenocarcinoma
- A. the infant is at increased risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia
- B. the infant is at increased risk of intestinal Burkitt lymphoma
- C. the infant is at increased risk of hepatoblastoma
- D. the infant is at increased risk of germ cell tumor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Familial adenomatous polyposis significantly increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
What causes tinea capitis (ringworm)?
- A. Virus
- B. Fungus
- C. Allergic reaction
- D. Bacterial infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is a fungal infection caused by various dermatophyte fungi, primarily Trichophyton and Microsporum species. These fungi thrive on dead tissues, including hair, skin, and nails, and can lead to symptoms like red, scaly patches on the scalp, hair loss, and itching. The infection is contagious and can spread through direct contact with an infected person, animals, or contaminated objects. Proper diagnosis and treatment with antifungal medications are essential to manage tinea capitis effectively.
Which is included in the diet of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome?
- A. High protein
- B. Salt restriction
- C. Low fat
- D. High carbohydrate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome, it is important to include salt restriction in the diet. Salt restriction helps in managing edema by reducing fluid retention in the body. Excessive salt intake can contribute to fluid retention and edema in these patients. This dietary modification can help in controlling symptoms and managing the condition effectively. Other considerations for the diet may include monitoring protein intake to prevent complications related to kidney function.