Nokea
After discussing alternatives to dressing change procedures to minimize discomfort, the nursing staff accepted a new procedure. This is an example of which stage of Havelock's model of change?
- A. Moving
- B. Self-renewal
- C. Refreezing
- D. Unfreezing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moving. In Havelock's model of change, the Moving stage involves implementing the chosen change after considering alternatives. In this scenario, the nursing staff accepted a new procedure, indicating they are moving forward with the change. This stage focuses on putting the change into action.
Summary of other choices:
B: Self-renewal - This choice is not applicable as self-renewal refers to personal growth and development, not organizational change stages.
C: Refreezing - This choice is incorrect as refreezing involves stabilizing the change and ensuring it becomes the new norm, which comes after the Moving stage.
D: Unfreezing - This choice is incorrect as unfreezing refers to preparing for change by overcoming resistance and creating readiness, which precedes the Moving stage.
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A client discharges AMA (against medical advice). This is an example of the _________ type of risk category?
- A. nurse-focused
- B. physician-focused
- C. medical-legal incident
- D. Patient-focused
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: medical-legal incident. When a client discharges AMA, it poses medical-legal risks for healthcare providers. This includes potential liability if the client experiences adverse outcomes post-discharge. Other choices are incorrect because discharging AMA is not solely focused on nurses (A) or physicians (B), but involves legal implications. It is also not purely patient-focused (D) as it impacts the healthcare team's legal responsibilities.
Which of the following laws govern nursing practice?
- A. Statutory laws
- B. Common laws
- C. Administrative laws
- D. Constitutional laws
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statutory laws. Nursing practice is primarily governed by statutory laws, which are laws created by legislative bodies. These laws outline the scope of practice, licensure requirements, and regulations for nursing professionals. Common laws (B) are based on court decisions and do not specifically govern nursing practice. Administrative laws (C) regulate administrative agencies and their functions, not nursing practice. Constitutional laws (D) pertain to the constitution and the rights of individuals, not the specific regulations for nursing practice.
Which of the following best describes the concept of shared governance?
- A. Top-down management
- B. Nurse-led committees
- C. Shared decision making
- D. Hierarchical structure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shared decision making. Shared governance involves collaborative decision-making among healthcare professionals, including nurses, to improve patient care and organizational outcomes. This approach empowers frontline staff to have a voice in decisions that affect their work environment and patient care. Nurse-led committees (option B) may be a part of shared governance but do not fully encompass the concept. Top-down management (option A) and hierarchical structure (option D) are opposite to the principles of shared governance as they involve centralized decision-making and lack of employee involvement in decision-making processes.
When a patient who takes metformin (Glucophage) to manage type 2 diabetes develops an allergic rash from an unknown cause, the healthcare provider prescribes prednisone (Deltasone). The nurse will anticipate that the patient may
- A. require administration of insulin while taking prednisone
- B. develop acute hypoglycemia while taking prednisone
- C. require administration of insulin while taking prednisone
- D. have rashes caused by metformin-prednisone interactions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C (require administration of insulin while taking prednisone):
1. Prednisone can increase blood glucose levels by reducing insulin sensitivity.
2. Metformin alone may not control blood glucose levels adequately in the presence of prednisone.
3. Therefore, the patient may require insulin to manage blood glucose levels while on prednisone.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: This is incorrect because insulin administration is not necessary due to the rash or the interaction between metformin and prednisone.
B: This is incorrect because prednisone can actually increase blood glucose levels, leading to hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia.
D: This is incorrect because the rash is not likely caused by an interaction between metformin and prednisone, but rather an allergic reaction to an unknown cause.
Knowing the different modes of communication used by men and women is important for the nurse manager. Which of the following is a difference in communication in unpleasant situations?
- A. Men tend to talk more, and women withdraw.
- B. Men tend to use tag questions.
- C. Women disagree more.
- D. Women talk longer and faster, men disclose more.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it highlights a common difference in communication styles between men and women in unpleasant situations. Men tend to talk more to assert dominance or control the situation, while women may withdraw to avoid conflict. This difference can impact how conflicts are resolved and relationships are maintained.
Choice B is incorrect as using tag questions is not specifically a gender difference in communication during unpleasant situations. Choice C is incorrect as it generalizes that women disagree more without specifying the context of unpleasant situations. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on the length and speed of communication rather than addressing the specific behavior in unpleasant situations.