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An occupational health nurse in the clinic of an industrial plant is developing a guidebook for clinic workers. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Organize an influenza immunization campaign
- B. Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome
- C. Teach plant workers about proper lifting techniques
- D. Collaborate with a physical therapist to develop programs for injured employees to return to work
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common work-related musculoskeletal disorder that can be prevented or mitigated through early identification and intervention. By educating workers about the signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse can facilitate early detection and prompt treatment, thus serving as a secondary prevention strategy. This proactive approach can help prevent the progression of the condition and reduce the impact on workers' health and productivity.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Organizing an influenza immunization campaign is a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the occurrence of influenza rather than identifying and managing existing health issues.
C: Teaching proper lifting techniques is a primary prevention strategy to prevent musculoskeletal injuries rather than identifying and managing existing conditions.
D: Collaborating with a physical therapist to develop return-to-work programs is a tertiary prevention strategy focused on rehabilitation and reintegration rather than early identification of health issues.
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A nurse is assessing a client who was brought into the emergency room following a seizure. The nurse suspects the client may have meningococcal meningitis when assessment findings include nuchal rigidity and a petechial rash. After implementing droplet precautions, which of the following actions should the nurse initiate next?
- A. Administer an antipyretic
- B. Complete a vascular assessment
- C. Assess the cranial nerves
- D. Decrease environmental stimuli
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess the cranial nerves. Meningococcal meningitis can affect the cranial nerves, leading to symptoms such as photophobia, altered mental status, and cranial nerve deficits. Assessing the cranial nerves will help the nurse to further evaluate the client's neurological status and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the severity of the condition. Administering an antipyretic (A) may help reduce fever but does not address the underlying issue. Completing a vascular assessment (B) is not a priority in this situation. Decreasing environmental stimuli (D) may be helpful for a seizure but is not the next priority after implementing droplet precautions.
A nurse is caring for a client who questions the need for cardiac rehabilitation, stating, 'My heart is permanently damaged from the heart attack, so what's the point of cardiac rehabilitation?' Which response should the nurse prioritize?
- A. It's not unusual to feel that way at first, but once you learn the routine, you'll enjoy it
- B. Diet and exercise are good for you and good for your heart
- C. Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely
- D. Your doctor is the expert here, and I'm sure they would only recommend what is best for you
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely. This response prioritizes providing the client with accurate information and managing expectations. It acknowledges the client's concern about the permanent damage to the heart but also emphasizes the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation in improving overall function and quality of life. It is essential for the nurse to address the client's misconceptions and provide education on the purpose and benefits of cardiac rehabilitation.
Choice A is incorrect as it focuses more on the client's emotional response rather than providing factual information. Choice B is too general and does not directly address the client's specific concerns. Choice D shifts the responsibility to the doctor without addressing the client's question directly.
A rehabilitation nurse is developing an activity plan for a client. The nurse should recognize that which activity plan would best conserve the client's energy without compromising physical or mental health?
- A. Restricting visitors to a few hours in the afternoon to promote client rest
- B. Scheduling all activities within a small block of time to allow the client a longer, uninterrupted rest period
- C. Scheduling toilet breaks before and after any other planned activity
- D. Scheduling energy-intensive activities at the time of day when the client has higher energy levels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Scheduling energy-intensive activities at the time of day when the client has higher energy levels. This option best conserves the client's energy as it aligns the demanding tasks with the client's peak energy periods, optimizing efficiency and reducing fatigue. This approach ensures that the client can complete tasks requiring more physical or mental effort when they are most capable, minimizing strain and preventing energy depletion. Restricting visitors (A) may not necessarily conserve energy as social interactions can be energizing for some clients. Scheduling all activities within a small block of time (B) may lead to fatigue if demanding tasks are clustered together. Scheduling toilet breaks before and after activities (C) is important but does not address energy conservation directly.
A nurse is working with the hospital disaster plan with the emergency operations committee. The nurse is aware that nursing is involved in which components of the disaster plan? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. Identification of resources to meet anticipated needs
- B. Participation in comprehensive annual drills
- C. Internal and external communications
- D. Performing duties outside the typical job description
- E. Development of a decontamination plan
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: The correct choices are A, B, C, and E. A: Nurses identify resources needed during a disaster to meet patient needs. B: Nurses participate in drills to practice response protocols. C: Nurses play a role in both internal communication within the healthcare facility and external communication with outside agencies. E: Nurses are involved in the development of decontamination plans to ensure safety. D: While nurses may perform duties outside their normal scope during a disaster, it is not a specific component of the disaster plan. Therefore, it is incorrect.
The community health nurse is educating new nurses on the spread of infectious diseases. The nurse utilizes which of the following approaches to explain the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease?
- A. Epidemiologic triangle
- B. Levels of prevention
- C. Natural history of disease
- D. Health Promotion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epidemiologic triangle. This model explains infectious disease spread by considering the interactions between the host, agent, and environment. Host factors include susceptibility to the disease, agent factors refer to the infectious microorganism, and environmental factors influence transmission. This approach helps new nurses understand the complex interplay of factors leading to disease transmission. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically address the factors involved in the reproduction and spread of infectious diseases. Level of prevention refers to actions taken to prevent disease, natural history of disease focuses on disease progression, and health promotion aims to improve overall health but does not directly explain disease spread.