ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

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After an open lung biopsy, a nurse assesses a client. Which assessment finding is matched with the correct intervention?

  • A. Client states he is dizzy. Nurse applies oxygen and pulse oximetry.
  • B. Client's HR is 55 beats/min. Nurse withholds pain medication.
  • C. Client has reduced breath sounds. Nurse calls the physician immediately.
  • D. Client's RR is 18 breaths/min. Nurse decreases the oxygen flow rate.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because reduced breath sounds after an open lung biopsy could indicate a potential complication like pneumothorax. In this situation, it is crucial for the nurse to call the physician immediately for further assessment and intervention. This prompt action can help prevent worsening of the client's condition and ensure timely treatment.

Choice A is incorrect because applying oxygen and pulse oximetry is not directly addressing the potential complication of reduced breath sounds. Choice B is incorrect because withholding pain medication based solely on a low heart rate is not appropriate without further assessment. Choice D is incorrect because decreasing oxygen flow rate without proper assessment could be harmful if the client is experiencing respiratory distress.

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To prepare Mr. Singer for esophageal speech, the nurse can be most helpful by assisting him to

  • A. Take air into the esophagus
  • B. Develop abdominal breathing
  • C. Take deep breaths
  • D. Regulate coughing
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Esophageal speech requires learning to trap and expel air from the esophagus.

IV tubing can be used for up to __ hours provided solution is continuously infusing through it.

  • A. 34
  • B. 72
  • C. 25
  • D. 7
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The rationale is that IV tubing should be changed every 72 hours to prevent infection if the solution is continuously running.

Identify what short-term evaluation technique is appropriate to assess whether the patient has met the following learning goals.

  • A. Demonstration
  • B. Verbalization
  • C. Selection
  • D. Observation
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Each learning goal requires a different evaluation technique: Demonstration for subcutaneous insulin injection, Verbalization for identifying side effects of Coumadin, Selection for choosing potassium-rich foods, Observation for verbalizing no shortness of breath, and Verbalization for stating readiness to change a dressing. The correct technique depends on the specific goal.

Place the events below in the order they occur in the patient with obstructive sleep apnea (beginning with 1).

  • A. Sleep just before going to work
  • B. Narrowing of air passages with muscle relaxation during sleep
  • C. Apnea lasting 10 to 90 seconds
  • D. Brief arousal and airway opened
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct order is E (narrowing), A (apnea), C (arousal). Muscle relaxation leads to airway narrowing, followed by apnea and then arousal.

A student asks the faculty to explain best practices when communicating with a person from the LGBTQ community. What answer by the faculty is most accurate?

  • A. Avoid embarrassing the individual by asking questions.
  • B. Don't make assumptions about their health needs.
  • C. Most LGBTQ individuals do not want to share information.
  • D. No differences exist in communicating with this group.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Don't make assumptions about their health needs.

Rationale:
1. LGBTQ individuals have diverse health needs.
2. Making assumptions can lead to inappropriate or inadequate care.
3. By not assuming, you show respect and promote open communication.
4. This approach fosters trust and ensures individualized care.

Other choices:
A: Avoiding questions can hinder understanding and communication.
C: Generalizing that most LGBTQ individuals do not share information is inaccurate.
D: Differences exist in the LGBTQ community that should be acknowledged for effective communication.

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