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An older adult with Alzheimers disease lives with family in a rural area. During the week, the person attends a day care center while the family is at work. In the evenings, members of the family provide care. Which factor makes this patient most vulnerable to abuse?
- A. Multiple caregivers
- B. Alzheimers disease
- C. Living in a rural area
- D. Being part of a busy family
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older adults are at high risk for violence, particularly those with cognitive impairments. The other characteristics are not identified as placing an individual at high risk.
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The child's ability to understand spatial relations develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spatial reasoning, like conservation of space, develops in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
Which of the following methods is most effective when getting a consensus among family members of a patient who lacks decisionmaking capacity?
- A. Remove oneself from the room and allow the family to discuss among themselves
- B. Tactfully argue for the most effective procedure
- C. Use active listening to query about decision-making processes, expectations, and understanding of the patient's illness
- D. Ask the most senior member of the family to make the final decision
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Active listening facilitates consensus by understanding family dynamics.
Which question asked by the nurse best serves as a screening tool for the assessment of a possible problem with alcohol abuse?
- A. When was the last time you drank alcohol?'
- B. Is there a history of alcohol abuse in your immediate family?'
- C. How old were you when you had your first drink of alcohol?'
- D. In the last year, did you ever drink more alcohol than you intended to?'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it directly assesses the individual's control over alcohol consumption, a key indicator of potential alcohol abuse. By asking if the person has ever consumed more alcohol than intended in the last year, the nurse can gauge if there are issues with self-regulation and potential abuse. Choices A, B, and C focus on past behaviors or family history, which are important but do not directly address current patterns of alcohol consumption and potential abuse.
nnitus describe a decrease in
- A. Mental Retardation
- B. Epilepsy
- C. Hearing
- D. Vision
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tinnitus is a perception of noise (e.g., ringing) in the ears, linked to hearing issues.
How many mLs will you administer to the client after you use 3.3 mL of normal saline to reconstitute a medication that will yield 12 mg per mL and the doctor's order is as follows. Doctor's order: 25 mg of medication BID
- A. 1.9 mL
- B. 2.0 mL
- C. 2.5 mL
- D. 2.1 mL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: 25 mg / 12 mg/mL = 2.083 mL, rounded to 2.1 mL (D) per dose.