Nokea
An order is written for oxazepam for a 6-year-old child. The nurse notices that there is no established dosage for children 6 to 12 years of age. Knowing that the usual adult dose is 10 mg t.i.d., what would the nurse calculate the appropriate dose to be?
- A. 0.03 mg t.i.d.
- B. 0.3 mg t.i.d.
- C. 1.8 mg t.i.d.
- D. 3.3 mg t.i.d.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because the nurse only knows the child's age, the nurse would need to use Young's Rule to determine the appropriate dosage. Use the formula, child's dose equals the age of the child in years divided by the child's age plus 12 times the average adult dose to calculate the answer. Dose = (6/[6+12]) 10 mg (6/18 = 0.33 10 = 3.3).
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Janice has elevated LDL, VLDL, and triglyceride levels. Niaspan, an extended-release form of niacin, is chosen to treat her hyperlipidemia. Due to its metabolism and excretion, which of the following laboratory results should be monitored?
- A. Serum alanine aminotransferase
- B. Serum amylase
- C. Serum creatinine
- D. Phenylketonuria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Niacin can cause hepatotoxicity, requiring ALT monitoring.
Tetracycline needs to be given on an empty stomach because it chelates with:
- A. Calcium
- B. Magnesium
- C. Iron
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tetracycline forms insoluble complexes with divalent and trivalent cations (calcium, magnesium, iron), reducing absorption when taken with food containing these elements.
The client with small cell lung cancer is being treated with etoposide (VePesid). The nurse who is assisting in caring for the client during its administration understands that which side effect is specifically associated with this medication?
- A. Alopecia
- B. Chest pain
- C. Pulmonary fibrosis
- D. Orthostatic hypotension
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A side effect specific to etoposide is orthostatic hypotension. The client's blood pressure is monitored during the infusion. Hair loss occurs with nearly all the antineoplastic medications. Chest pain and pulmonary fibrosis are unrelated to this medication.
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Serum Sodium 144 mEq/L
- B. Urine output 120 mL in 4 hr
- C. Serum Potassium 5.2 mEq/L
- D. Blood Pressure 140/90 mm Hg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (5.2 mEq/L, C) is a serious side effect of spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic.
The nurse receives an order to administer an unfamiliar medication and obtains a nurse's drug guide published four years earlier. What is the nurse's most prudent action?
- A. Find a more recent reference source.
- B. Use the guide if the drug is listed.
- C. Ask another nurse for drug information.
- D. Verify the information in the guide with the pharmacist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse is responsible for all medications administered and must find a recent reference source to ensure the information learned about the medication is correct and current. Using an older drug guide could be dangerous because it would not contain the most up-to-date information. Asking another nurse or the pharmacist does not guarantee accurate information will be obtained and could harm the patient if the information is wrong.